Reduction of tooth staining derived from cationic antimicrobials
Disclosed are oral care compositions having reduced tooth staining propensity and comprising in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, a cationic antimicrobial agent and an anti-stain agent comprising one or more materials from each of at least two of the following chemical groups: Group 1. anionic agents, Group 2. aldehydes, ketones, and other reactive carbonyl compounds and Group 3. nonionic ethoxylated surfactants. Examples of cationic antimicrobial agent include quaternary ammonium compounds such as cetylpyridinium chloride, cetyl pyridinium fluoride, tetradecylpyridinium chloride, N-tetradecyl-4-ethyl pyridinium chloride and domiphen bromide; chlorhexidine; and metal ion sources to supply metal ions such as stannous, zinc or copper.
1. An antimicrobial oral care mouth rinse composition effective against dental plaque, calculus, gingivitis and periodontal disease comprising
(a) cetylpyridinium chloride,
(b) an anti-stain agent comprising one or more materials from each of at least two of the following chemical groups:
(i) Group 1 anti-stain agents have a molecular weight of 15,000 or less and are selected from carboxymethyl dextran or tetrapotassium pyrophosphate;
(ii) Group 2 anti-stain agent anisaldehyde and
(iii) Group 3 anti-stain agents selected from nonionic ethoxylated linear alcohols, having about 25 to 55 carbons in the alcohol chain, about 50 to about 100 ethoxy units and an average molecular weight of about 2,000 to about 5,000, and
(c) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier,
wherein the anti-stain agent is present in an amount effective to inhibit dental stain formation caused by the cationic antimicrobial agent;
wherein the cetylpyridinium chloride has a bioavailability of at least about 50% as measured using an in vitro Disk Retention Assay (DRA); and
wherein the composition has a normalized stain reduction value of at least about 40%.
2. An oral care composition according to claim 1 , comprising from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight of the composition of the anti-stain agent.
3. An oral care mouth rinse composition comprising
(a) from about 0.025% to about 0.1% by weight of the composition of cetylpyridinium chloride,
(b) from about 0.025% to about 3% by weight of an anti-stain agent comprising one or more materials from each of at least two of the following chemical groups:
(i) Group 1 anti-stain agents having a molecular weight of about 15,000 or less and selected from a carboxymethyl dextran or dextran sulfate,
(ii) Group 2 anti-stain agent 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (anisaldehyde); and
(iii) Group 3 anti-stain agents selected from ethoxylated alcohols having from about 25 to 55 carbons in the alcohol chain, about 50 to 100 ethylene oxide units and average molecular weight from about 2,000 to about 5,000, and
(c) an orally-acceptable carrier comprising one or more materials selected from from a fluoride ion source, additional antimicrobial agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, an anticalculus agent, a desensitizing agent, a peroxide source, a tooth substantive agent, a surfactant, an emulsifying agent, an anti-stain agent, essential oils, a coolant, a sweetening agent or other sensates;
wherein the cetylpyridinium chloride has a bioavailability of at least about 50% as measured using an in vitro Disk Retention Assay (DRA); and
wherein the composition has a normalized stain reduction value of at least about 40%.
4. An oral care mouth rinse composition according to claim 3 , having a pH ranging from about 3 to about 6.
5. An antimicrobial oral care mouth rinse composition effective against dental plaque, calculus, gingivitis and periodontal disease comprising
(a) cetylpyridinium chloride,
(b) an anti-stain agent comprising one or more materials from each of the following chemical groups:
(i) Group 1 anti-stain agents have a molecular weight of 15,000 or less and are selected from D-fructose-1-6-biphosphate; D-ribose-5-phosphate;
dihydroxyacetone phosphate; D-erythrose-4-phosphate; glycerol phosphate;
creatine phosphate; D-ribose-5-phosphate; D-fructose-6-phosphate; D-xylose-5-phosphate; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; α-D-glucose-6-phosphate; α-D-glucose-1-phosphate; uridine-5-phosphate; or ascorbyl phosphate;
(ii) Group 2 anti-stain agents selected from aldehydes, ketones or other reactive carbonyl compounds and
(iii) Group 3 anti-stain agents selected from nonionic ethoxylated linear alcohols, having about 25 to 55 carbons in the alcohol chain, about 50 to about 100 ethoxy units and an average molecular weight of about 2,000 to about 5,000, and
(c) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier,
wherein the anti-stain agent is present in an amount effective to inhibit dental stain formation caused by the cationic antimicrobial agent;
wherein the cetylpyridinium chloride has a bioavailability of at least about 50% as measured using an in vitro Disk Retention Assay (DRA).
6. An oral care composition according to claim 5 , comprising from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight of the composition of the anti-stain agent.
7. An oral care composition according to claim 5 , wherein the Group 2 anti-stain agents are selected from 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (anisaldehyde);
1,3 -benzodioxole-5-carbaldehyde (heliotropin); 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (veratraldehyde); 3-methyl- 1, 2-cyclopentadione; phenethyl formate; acetophenone; phenylacetaldehyde; 4-methylacetophenone; ρ-toluacetaldehyde ; 3, 5, 5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexene- 1-one (isophorone); gamma-undecalactone; ρ-methyl cinnamaldehyde; 4-phenyl-2-butanone (benzyl acetone); octanal; 6-isopropyl-3-methyl-1cyclohex-2-enone (piperitone); (S)-4-(1-methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde (perillaldehyde); 4-(1-methylethyl) benzaldehyde (cuminaldehyde); α-methyl cinnamaldehyde; isomenthone; menthone; carvone; decanal; 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (maltol); ρ-isopropyl phenylacetaldehyde; trans-citral; 3-methyl-2-pentylcyclopent-2-ene- 1-one (dihydrojasmone); or β-napthylmethyl ketone.
8. An oral care mouth rinse composition according to claim 5 , having a pH ranging from about 3 to about 6.