COMPOSITIONS AND PRODUCTS CONTAINING ESTOLIDE COMPOUNDS
Estolide compounds that may be suitable for use in personal care and cosmetic formulations, and method of preparing the same. The estolides can be tailored to exhibit the desired viscometric and lubricity properties, while retaining or even improving other properties desirable in such products.
1 . A cosmetic formulation comprising
water;
at least one humectant;
at least one thickener;
at least one surfactant; and
at least one estolide compound selected from compounds of Formula I:
wherein
x is, independently for each occurrence, an integer selected from 0 to 20;
y is, independently for each occurrence, an integer selected from 0 to 20;
n is an integer greater than or equal to 0;
R 1 is an optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and
R 2 is an optionally substituted unsubstituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched,
wherein each fatty acid chain residue of said at least one estolide compound is independently optionally substituted.
2 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , wherein
x is, independently for each occurrence, an integer selected from 1 to 10;
y is, independently for each occurrence, an integer selected from 1 to 10;
n is an integer selected from 0 to 8;
R 1 is an optionally substituted C 1 to C 22 alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and
R 2 is an optionally substituted C 1 to C 22 alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched,
wherein each fatty acid chain residue is unsubstituted.
3 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 2 , wherein
x+y is, independently for each chain, an integer selected from 13 to 15; and
n is an integer selected from 0 to 6.
4 . (canceled)
5 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , wherein R 2 is a branched or unbranched C 1 to C 20 alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated.
6 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 5 , wherein R 2 is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decanyl, undecanyl, dodecanyl, tridecanyl, tetradecanyl, pentadecanyl, hexadecanyl, heptadecanyl, octadecanyl, nonadecanyl, and icosanyl, which are saturated or unsaturated and branched or unbranched.
7 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 5 , wherein R 2 is selected from C 6 to C 12 alkyl.
8 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 7 , wherein R 2 is 2-ethylhexyl.
9 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 is a branched or unbranched C 1 to C 20 alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated.
10 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 9 , wherein R 1 is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decanyl, undecanyl, dodecanyl, tridecanyl, tetradecanyl, pentadecanyl, hexadecanyl, heptadecanyl, octadecanyl, nonadecanyl, and icosanyl, which are saturated or unsaturated and branched or unbranched.
11 - 52 . (canceled)
53 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , wherein cosmetic formulation has an EN selected from an integer or fraction of an integer that is equal to or less than 2, wherein EN is the average number of linkages in compounds according to Formula I.
54 - 55 . (canceled)
56 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 53 , wherein said estolide base oil has a kinematic viscosity equal to or less than 55 cSt when measured at 40° C.
57 - 58 . (canceled)
59 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 56 , wherein said estolide base oil has a melting point equal to or lower than −25° C.
60 - 76 . (canceled)
77 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 3 , wherein x is, independently for each occurrence, an integer selected from 7 and 8.
78 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 3 , wherein y is, independently for each occurrence, an integer selected from 7 and 8.
79 . (canceled)
80 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , wherein said cosmetic formulation is a moisturizing formulation.
81 - 82 . (canceled)
83 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one humectant is selected from a polyol and a polyethylene glycol.
84 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 83 , wherein the polyol is a C 2 -C 6 polyol.
85 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one preservative.
86 . (canceled)
87 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant.
88 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one surfactant is a polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester.
89 . (canceled)
90 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one thickener is a polymer of acrylic acid.
91 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one neutralizing agent.
92 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 91 , wherein the at least one neutralizing agent is sodium hydroxide.
93 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one estolide compound has an acid value of equal to or less than 0.5 mg KOH/g.
94 . The cosmetic formulation according to claim 93 , wherein the at least one estolide compound has an acid value of equal to or less than 0.1 mg KOH/g.