Process for producing thermoplastic molding compositions based on styrene copolymers and polyamide with improved toughness
Processes for producing thermoplastic molding compositions, which comprise a) from 3 to 79% by weight of one or more (methyl)styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, which have no maleic-anhydride-derived units, b) from 15 to 91% by weight of one or more polyamides, c) from 5 to 50% by weight of one or more rubbers, d) from 1 to 25% by weight of one or more compatibilizers, e) from 0 to 2% by weight of one or more low-molecular-weight compounds which comprise a dicarboxylic anhydride group, f) from 0 to 50% by weight of one or more fibrous or particulate fillers, and g) from 0 to 40% by weight of further additives, by producing a melt comprising components A, B, and C in a first step and subsequently incorporating D, Also, thermoplastic molding compositions obtainable by these processes, the use of these thermoplastic molding compositions, and moldings, fibers, and foils comprising these thermoplastic molding compositions.
1. A process for producing a thermoplastic molding composition, where the thermoplastic molding composition comprises
a) as component A, from 3 to 79% by weight of one or more (methyl)styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, which have no maleic-anhydride-derived units,
b) as component B, from 15 to 91% by weight of one or more polyamides,
c) as component C, from 5 to 50% by weight of one or more rubbers,
d) as component D, from 1 to 25% by weight of one or more compatibilizers,
e) as component E, from 0 to 2% by weight of one or more low-molecular-weight compounds, which comprise a dicarboxylic anhydride group,
f) as component F, from 0 to 50% by weight of one or more fibrous or particulate fillers, and
g) as component G, from 0 to 40% by weight of further additives,
where each of the % by weight values is based on the total weight of components A to G, and these do not exceed 100% by weight,
the process comprising mixing components A to G in a melt,
by producing the melt comprising components A, B, and C in a first step of the process, in the absence of component D, and delaying the mixing to incorporate component D into the melt comprising components A, B, and C until a second step of the process;
wherein the melt is produced in a screw extruder, which comprises, in a sequence along a direction of conveying, at least one feed zone, one plastifying zone, one homogenizing zone, and one discharge zone, after addition of components A, B, and C to the feed zone, in the first step of the process, in the absence of component D, and, in the second step of the process, after addition of component D to the homogenizing zone, the mixing to incorporate component D is carried out, and
wherein the screw extruder has an effective length L, where the effective length L is defined as the distance from the first feed device for the addition of components A, B, and/or C to the discharge aperture in the direction of conveying, after addition of components A, B, and C, in the region from 0 L to 0.15 L, in the first step of the process, in the absence of component D, and, in the second step of the process, after addition of component D, in the region from 0.3 L to 0.99 L, the mixing to incorporate component D into the melt is carried out.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein component C comprises a butadiene graft rubber and/or an alkyl acrylate graft rubber.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein component D comprises one or more (methyl)styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, which, based on the entirety of component D, have from 0.5 to 5% by weight of maleic-anhydride-derived units.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein component E comprises maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, or a mixture thereof.
5. A thermoplastic molding composition, produced by the process according to claim 1 .
6. A method for producing moldings, foils, or fibers comprising utilizing the thermoplastic molding composition according to claim 5 .
7. A molding, fiber, or film, comprising the thermoplastic molding composition according to claim 5 .
8. The process according to claim 2 , wherein component D comprises one or more (methyl)styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, which, based on the entirety of component D, have from 0.5 to 5% by weight of maleic-anhydride-derived units.
9. The process according to claim 2 , wherein component E comprises maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, or a mixture thereof.
10. The process according to claim 3 , wherein component E comprises maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, or a mixture thereof.
11. A thermoplastic molding composition, produced by the process according to claim 2 .
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic molding composition comprises:
a) from 5 to 55% by weight of component A,
b) from 25 to 78% by weight of component B,
c) from 15 to 45% by weight of component C,
d) from 2 to 15% by weight of component D,
e) from 0 to 1% by weight of component E,
f) from 0 to 38% by weight of component F, and
g) from 0 to 10% by weight of component G.