Low surface friction proppants

1. A proppant having low surface friction comprising an angle of repose of 30° or less; wherein said proppant comprises:

a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;

b) a roundness of at least 0.5;

c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d ps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein d ps =(d p90 −d p10 )/d p50 and wherein d p10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, d p50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and d p90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;

d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; and

e) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other.

2. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein said angle of repose is 15° to 30°.

3. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein said angle of repose is 15° to 22°.

4. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein said angle of repose is 20° to 25°.

5. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein said proppant comprises one or more ceramic materials.

6. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein said proppant is a ceramic proppant.

7. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein said proppant has a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.9 and a roundness of at least 0.9.

8. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein said proppant has a tight particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d ps from about 0.075 to about 0.3, wherein d ps =(d p90 −d p10 )/d p50 and wherein d p10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, d p50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and d p90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size.

9. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein said proppant has a particle size of from 200 microns to about 2000 microns.

10. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein said proppant has a crush strength of 10,000 psi or greater.

11. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein said proppant has a crush strength of 5000 psi or greater.

12. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein said proppant has a specific gravity of from about 1.0 to about 2.5.

13. The proppant of claim 1 , further comprising at least one lubricant layer.

14. The proppant of claim 13 , wherein said lubricant layer comprises graphite, molybdenum, disulphide, boron nitride, tungsten disulphide, hexagonal boron nitrite, or any other solid material with a lamellar-type crystal structure, or any combination thereof.

15. The proppant of claim 13 , wherein said lubricant layer comprises carbon particles.

16. A method comprising:

manufacturing a proppant; and

measuring the angle of repose of the proppant, wherein said proppant comprises:

a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5:

b) a roundness of at least 0.5;

c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein d ps =(d p90 −d p10 )/d p50 and wherein d p10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, d p50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and d p90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;

d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; and

e) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other.

17. A method comprising:

manufacturing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less; and

placing the proppant in a transport fluid or carrying fluid, wherein said proppant comprises:

a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;

b) a roundness of at least 0.5;

c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d ps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein d ps =(d p90 −d p10 )/d p50 and wherein d p10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, d p50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and d p90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;

d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; and

c) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other.

18. A method comprising:

manufacturing a first proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less, wherein the first proppant comprises a ceramic material;

measuring the agglomeration of the first proppant in a treatment fluid; wherein the first proppant has less agglomeration relative to a second proppant having an angle of repose greater than 30° and comprising the same ceramic material as the first proppant, wherein said first proppant comprises:

a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;

b) a roundness of at least 0.5;

c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein d ps =(d p90 −d p10 )/d p50 and wherein d p10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, d p50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and d p90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;

d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; and

e) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other.

19. A method of achieving lower resistance to multi-phase flow in a subterranean formation comprising:

introducing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less into the subterranean formation such that the resistance to multi-phase flow in the subterranean formation is lowered; wherein said proppant comprises:

a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;

b) a roundness of at least 0.5;

c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d ps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein d ps =(d p90 −d p10 )/d p50 and wherein d p10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, d p50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and d p90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;

d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; and

e) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores ores are not in contact with each other.

20. A method to achieve lower pressure drop in a subterranean formation comprising:

introducing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less into the subterranean formation such that the pressure drop in the subterranean formation is lowered; wherein said proppant comprises:

a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;

b) a roundness of at least 0.5:

c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d ps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein d ps =(d p90 −d p10 )/d p50 and wherein d p10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, d p50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and d p90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;

d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; and

e) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other.

21. A method to reduce bridging and/or clogging of the proppant in a subterranean formation comprising:

introducing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less into the subterranean formation such that the bridging and/or clogging, of the proppant in the subterranean formation is reduced; wherein said proppant further comprises:

a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;

b) a roundness of at least 0.5:

c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d ps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein d ps =(d p90 −d p10 )/d p50 and wherein d p10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, d p50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and d p90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;

d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; and

e) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other.

22. A proppant formulation comprising the proppant of claim 1 in at least one carrier.

23. A method to prop open subterranean formation fractures comprising introducing the proppant formulation of claim 22 into the subterranean formation.

24. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein the proppant has a d ps from about 0.001 to about 0.25.

25. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein the proppant has a from from about 0.001 to about 0.01.

26. The proppant of claim 1 , wherein the proppant comprises a template shell and a shell that encompasses the template sphere.