Removal of mercury emissions
A system for removing gaseous pollutants, such as mercury from flue gases of a solid-fueled furnace ( 17 ), includes a sorbent mill ( 34 ) that receives superheated steam and a sorbent ( 28 ), such as activated carbon, in a partially agglomerated state, that processes the sorbent ( 28 ) by de-agglomerating and comminuting the sorbent ( 28 ). An educator ( 35 ) transports the processed sorbent ( 28 ) to a distributor ( 36 ) that injects it into the flue gases at a contact location having a temperature between 500° F. and 900° F., whereupon the sorbent ( 28 ) adsorbs mercury from the flue gas. A particle collection device ( 24 ) removes the processed sorbent ( 28 ) having adsorbed mercury, from the flue gas.
1. A pollution removal device for more efficiently removing pollutant gases from flue gases of a solid-fueled steam generator comprising:
a silo to store carbonaceous sorbent in a powdered form;
a steam tap line to extract superheated steam from a superheated steam source;
a steam processing device fluidly coupled to the steam tap line to receive the superheated steam from the steam tap line and operable to reduce a temperature, pressure and moisture content of the superheated steam to provide a processed steam of a desired pressure, temperature and moisture content;
a sorbent mill fluidly coupled to the steam processing device and the silo to receive the carbonaceous sorbent and the processed steam and operable to de-agglomerate and comminute the carbonaceous sorbent using the processed steam to provide a processed sorbent;
a distributor fluidly coupled to the sorbent mill operable to receive the processed sorbent inject the processed sorbent into the flue gases at a desired location in the solid-fueled steam generator thereby adsorbing the pollutants therefrom; and
a particulate collection device arranged fluidly downstream from the desired location, and operable to collect and thereby remove the carbonaceous sorbent from the flue gas.
2. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous sorbent is powdered activated carbon.
3. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , further comprising a mill used to pulverize a raw solid carbonaceous fuel to form carbonaceous sorbent in powdered form.
4. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , wherein the steam tap line extracts superheated steam from a low temperature superheater inlet header for supply to the steam processing device.
5. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , wherein the steam tap line extracts superheated steam from a superheater de-superheater outlet header for supply to the steam processing device.
6. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , wherein the steam tap line extracts superheated steam from a superheater outlet header for supply to the steam processing device.
7. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , wherein the steam tap line extracts superheated steam from a reheater outlet header for supply to the steam processing device.
8. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , wherein the steam tap line extracts superheated steam from wall sootblower stations for supply to the steam processing device.
9. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , wherein the steam tap line extracts superheated steam from a turbine intermediate stage source for supply to the steam processing device.
10. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent mill is a jet mill.
11. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , further comprising a steam educator to convey the processed sorbent from the sorbent mill to the distributor using a portion of the processed steam as a motive force.
12. The pollution removal device of claim 11 , further comprising an air educator to convey the carbonaceous sorbent from the silo to the sorbent mill using air as the transport medium.
13. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the processed steam is greater than a condensation point.
14. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , wherein the steam processing device includes at least one of a heat exchanger and a water sprayer to reduce the temperature of the superheated steam.
15. The pollution removal device of claim 14 , wherein the steam processing device includes at least one pressure reduction valve to reduce the pressure of the superheated steam.
16. The pollution removal device of claim 15 , wherein the steam processing device includes at least one of a water trap and a drier to reduce condensation of the superheated steam.
17. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , further comprising:
at least one sensor that provides at least one signal indicative of at least one of the pressure, temperature, and mass flow rate of the superheated steam; and
a controller that controls at least one pressure control valve of the steam processing device to reduce the pressure of the superheated steam in accordance with the at least one signal.
18. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , further comprising:
at least one sensor that provides at least one signal indicative of at least one of the pressure, temperature, and mass flow rate of the superheated steam; and
a controller that operates at least one of a water trap and a drier to reduce condensation of the superheated steam in accordance with the at least one signal.
19. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , further comprising:
at least one sensor that provides at least one signal indicative of moisture content of the superheated steam; and
a controller that controls at least one moisture control valve of the steam processing device to reduce the temperature of the superheated steam in accordance with the at least one signal.
20. The pollution removal device of claim 1 , wherein the distributor provides the processed sorbent to the flue gas upstream of a pre-heater.