NANOWIRE PURIFICATION METHODS, COMPOSITIONS, AND ARTICLES
Processes are disclosed and claimed that allow either purification of nanowire slurries or exchange of liquids in such slurries or both. Such processes avoid the drawbacks of other known methods and are readily scalable to larger production volumes.
1 . A method comprising:
providing a first feed composition comprising nanowires, at least one first liquid, and at least one solid contaminant;
providing at least one filter element comprising at least one inlet; at least one outlet, at least one semi-permeable membrane comprising a plurality of pores therethrough, said plurality of pores comprising a mean pore diameter less than about 0.5 μm;
feeding the first feed composition to the at least one inlet of the at least one filter element; and
producing a retentate composition comprising nanowires from the at least one outlet of the at least one filter element,
wherein the solid fraction of nanowires in the retentate composition is greater than the solid fraction of nanowires in the feed composition.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one filter element comprises at least one of a flat plate filter element, a spiral wound filter element, or a hollow fiber filter element.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the permeate composition comprises material having passed through the plurality of pores of the at least one semi-permeable membrane.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of pores comprises a mean pore size greater than about 0.01 μm.
5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nanowires in the feed composition comprise silver nanowires comprising a mean length greater than about 10 μm.
6 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising displacing at least some of the at least one first liquid with at least one second liquid.
7 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein producing the retentate composition further comprises controlling at least one retentate flow-rate.
8 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising filtering a second feed composition to provide the first feed composition.
9 . The retentate comprising nanowires produced according to the method of claim 1 .
10 . The nanowires of the retentate according to claim 9 .