Method and apparatus for performing temporal polarization interleaving in an optical transmitting system

1. An optical signal transmitting system, comprising:

an optical transmitter including one or more input terminals and an output terminal; and

a temporal polarization interleaver including an input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the output terminal of the optical transmitter is communicatively coupled to the input terminal of the temporal polarization interleaver,

wherein:

the optical transmitter is configured to receive one or more input signals through its one or more input terminals, generate an output signal using the one or more input signals, the output signal including a x-polarized tributary and a y-polarized tributary that is pulse-to-pulse aligned with the x-polarized tributary, and transmit the output signal to the temporal polarization interleaver; and

the temporal polarization interleaver is configured to receive the output signal from the optical transmitter and cause a predefined phase delay to one of the x-polarized tributary and the y-polarized tributary.

2. The optical signal transmitting system of claim 1 , wherein the optical transmitter further includes: an integrable tunable laser assembly, two sets of optical in-phase and quadrature modulators, first and second polarization beam splitters, a Mach-Zehnder return-to-zero pulse carver, and two pairs of electrical amplifiers,

wherein the integrable tunable laser assembly is configured to transmit a continuous-waveform optical signal into the first polarization beam splitter and the first polarization beam splitter is configured to divide the continuous-waveform optical signal into the x-polarized tributary and the y-polarized tributary,

wherein each of the x-polarized tributary and the y-polarized tributary is modulated by a respective set of optical in-phase and quadrature modulators in accordance with two respective input signals applied to a respective pair of electrical amplifiers through two respective input terminals of the optical transmitter, and

wherein the second polarization beam splitter is configured to deliver the modulated x-polarized tributary and the modulated y-polarized tributary to the Mach-Zehnder return-to-zero pulse carver and the Mach-Zehnder return-to-zero pulse carver is configured to cause the modulated x-polarized tributary to be pulse-to-pulse aligned with the modulated y-polarized tributary.

3. The optical signal transmitting system of claim 2 , wherein there are two substantially equal optical paths between the first polarization beam splitter and the second polarization beam splitter such that the modulated x-polarized tributary and the modulated y-polarized tributary coming out of the Mach-Zehnder return-to-zero pulse carver are substantially pulse-to-pulse aligned with each other.

4. The optical signal transmitting system of claim 1 , wherein the temporal polarization interleaver further includes: an incoming polarization beam splitter for separating the x-polarized tributary of the output signal of the optical transmitter from the y-polarized tributary of the output signal of the optical transmitter, an optical time delay unit for causing the predefined phase delay to the y-polarized tributary, and an outgoing polarization beam splitter for combing the x-polarized tributary and the delayed y-polarized tributary into an output signal of the temporal polarization interleaver.

5. The optical signal transmitting system of claim 1 , wherein the predefined phase delay is approximately a half of a symbol period of the output signal.

6. The optical signal transmitting system of claim 1 , wherein the temporal polarization interleaver is realized by a single high polarization-mode-dispersion fiber for generating a differential group delay substantially equal to a half of a symbol period between the x-polarized tributary and the y-polarized tributary.

7. The optical signal transmitting system of claim 1 , wherein each of the x-polarized tributary and the y-polarized tributary is transmitted along an optical path within the optical signal transmitting system and the optical path includes one or more polarization maintaining fibers.