Nonaqueous electrolytic solution and nonaqueous-electrolyte battery
View Patent ↗Disclosed is a nonaqueous electrolytic solution which forms a nonaqueous-electrolyte battery having high capacity and excellent storage characteristics at high temperatures, while sufficiently enhancing safety at the time of overcharge, and a nonaqueous-electrolyte battery using the same. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution has an electrolyte and a nonaqueous solvent with (A) a compound of formula (2): wherein R 7 is an optionally halogenated and/or phenylated alkyl group comprising 1-12 carbon atoms, R 8 to R 12 are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an optionally halogenated ether or alkyl group comprising 1-12 carbon atoms, and at least one of R 8 to R 12 is an optionally halogenated alkyl group comprising 2-12 carbon atoms; and/or (B) a carboxylic acid ester with a phenyl group substituted by at least one alkyl group (having 4 or more carbon atoms) that is optionally substituted.
1. A nonaqueous electrolytic solution, comprising:
an electrolyte; and
a nonaqueous solvent,
wherein the nonaqueous electrolytic solution comprises:
(A) a first nonaqueous electrolytic solution which comprises (a1) a compound of formula (2):
wherein
R 7 is an alkyl group comprising 1-12 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom and a phenyl group,
R 8 to R 12 are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an ether group comprising 1-12 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with a halogen atom, or an alkyl group comprising 1-12 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with a halogen atom, and
at least one of R 8 to R 12 is a secondary or tertiary alkyl group comprising 3-12 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with a halogen atom.
2. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises (a2) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of
(a2-i) a cyclic carbonate comprising an unsaturated C═C bond,
(a2-ii) a cyclic carbonate comprising a fluorine atom,
(a2-iii) a monofluorophosphoric acid salt, and
(a2-iv) a difluorophosphoric acid salt.
3. The solution of claim 2 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises (a2-i) a cyclic carbonate comprising an unsaturated C═C bond.
4. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises (a2-ii) a cyclic carbonate comprising a fluorine atom.
5. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises (a2-iii) a monofluorophosphoric acid salt.
6. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises (a2-iv) a difluorophosphoric acid salt.
7. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and comprises the compound (a1) in a proportion to the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) of 0.001 wt. % or higher but less than 10 wt. %.
8. The solution of claim 2 , wherein the compound (a2) is present in a proportion to the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A), of from 0.001 wt. % to 10 wt. %.
9. The solution of claim 3 , wherein the compound (a2) is present in a proportion to the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A), of from 0.001 wt. % to 10 wt. %.
10. The solution of claim 4 , wherein the compound (a2) is present in a proportion to the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A), of from 0.001 wt. % to 10 wt. %.
11. The solution of claim 5 , wherein the compound (a2) is present in a proportion to the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A), of from 0.001 wt. % to 10 wt. %.
12. The solution of claim 6 , wherein the compound (a2) is present in a proportion to the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A), of from 0.001 wt. % to 10 wt. %.
13. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises
(a3) a cyclic carbonate selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate (a3-i) and propylene carbonate (a3-ii),
(a4) an asymmetric chain dialkyl carbonate, and
(a5) a symmetric chain dialkyl carbonate.
14. The solution of claim 2 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises
(a3) a cyclic carbonate selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate (a3-i) and propylene carbonate (a3-ii),
(a4) an asymmetric chain dialkyl carbonate, and
(a5) a symmetric chain dialkyl carbonate.
15. The solution of claim 2 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises at least two compounds selected from the group consisting of (a2-i), (a2-ii), (a2-iii), and (a2-iv).
16. The solution of claim 2 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises at least three compounds selected from the group consisting of (a2-i), (a2-ii), (a2-iii), and (a2-iv).
17. The solution of claim 13 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises (a3-i) ethylene carbonate.
18. The solution of claim 13 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises (a3-ii) propylene carbonate.
19. The solution of claim 13 , wherein the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution (A) is present and further comprises (a3-i) ethylene carbonate and (a3-ii) propylene carbonate.