Kit for making induced pluripotent stem cells using modified RNAs
Described herein are synthetic, modified RNAs for changing the phenotype of a cell, such as expressing a polypeptide or altering the developmental potential. Accordingly, provided herein are compositions, methods, and kits comprising synthetic, modified RNAs for changing the phenotype of a cell or cells. These methods, compositions, and kits comprising synthetic, modified RNAs can be used either to express a desired protein in a cell or tissue, or to change the differentiated phenotype of a cell to that of another, desired cell type.
1. A kit for making induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from a fibroblast cell comprising the following components:
(a) a synthetic mRNA encoding OCT4, wherein each cytosine of the synthetic mRNA encoding OCT4 is replaced with 5-methylcytosine and each uracil is replaced with pseudouracil;
(b) a synthetic mRNA encoding SOX2, wherein each cytosine of the synthetic mRNA encoding SOX2 is replaced with 5-methylcytosine and each uracil is replaced with pseudouracil;
(c) a synthetic mRNA encoding KLF4, wherein each cytosine of the synthetic mRNA encoding KLF4 is replaced with 5-methylcytosine and each uracil is replaced with pseudouracil; and
(d) a synthetic mRNA encoding c-MYC, wherein each cytosine of the synthetic mRNA encoding c-MYC is replaced with 5-methylcytosine and each uracil is replaced with pseudouracil.
2. The kit of claim 1 , wherein the synthetic mRNA encoding OCT4 is provided in molar excess of at least three times the concentration of the remaining three synthetic mRNAs.
3. The kit of claim 1 , further comprising a fluorescent control protein.
4. The kit of claim 3 , wherein the fluorescent control protein is green fluorescent protein (GFP) or nuclear GFP.
5. The kit of claim 1 , further comprising a buffer.
6. The kit of claim 5 , wherein the buffer is RNAse-free TE buffer at pH 7.0.
7. The kit of claim 1 , further comprising a soluble interferon receptor or synthetic mRNA encoding a soluble interferon receptor.
8. The kit of claim 7 , wherein the soluble interferon receptor is B18R.
9. The kit of claim 1 , wherein the synthetic mRNA encoding OCT4 comprises SEQ ID NO: 788; the synthetic mRNA encoding SOX2 comprises SEQ ID NO: 941 or SEQ ID NO: 1501; the synthetic mRNA encoding KLF4 comprises SEQ ID NO: 501; and the synthetic mRNA encoding c-MYC comprises SEQ ID NO: 636.
10. The kit of claim 1 , further comprising a synthetic mRNA molecule encoding LIN28, wherein each cytosine of the synthetic mRNA encoding LIN28 is replaced with 5-methylcytosine and each uracil is replaced with pseudouracil.
11. The kit of claim 10 , wherein the synthetic mRNA encoding LIN28 comprises SEQ ID NO: 524.
12. A method for making induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from a fibroblast cell comprising:
a) subjecting the fibroblast cell in culture medium to a daily transfection with a transfection mixture comprising
(i) a synthetic mRNA mixture comprising a synthetic mRNA encoding OCT4; a synthetic mRNA encoding SOX2; a synthetic mRNA encoding KLF4; and a synthetic mRNA encoding c-MYC, wherein the synthetic mRNA encoding OCT4 is provided in molar excess of at least three times the concentration of the remaining three synthetic mRNAs, and wherein each cytosine of each of the synthetic mRNAs is replaced with 5-methylcytosine, and each uracil of each of the synthetic mRNAs is replaced with pseudouracil; and
(ii) a synthetic mRNA encoding a short half-life nuclear green fluorescent protein (GFP);
b) providing culture conditions comprising 5% O2;
c) removing the transfection mixture four hours after each daily transfection, from the cell in culture medium;
d) culturing the cells in a culture medium not comprising the transfection mixture of step (a) for about three days to allow expansion of the cells;
e) picking cells from the expanded cells of step (d), thereby generating iPS cells to generate iPS cell lines.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein steps (a)-(c) are performed daily for at least three consecutive days.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the synthetic mRNA encoding OCT4 comprises SEQ ID NO: 788; the synthetic mRNA encoding SOX2 comprises SEQ ID NO: 941 or SEQ ID NO: 1501; the synthetic mRNA encoding KLF4 comprises SEQ ID NO: 501; and the synthetic mRNA encoding c-MYC comprises SEQ ID NO: 636.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the transfection mixture of step (a) further comprises a synthetic mRNA molecule encoding LIN28, wherein each cytosine of the synthetic mRNA encoding LIN28 is replaced with 5-methylcytosine and each uracil is replaced with pseudouracil.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the synthetic mRNA encoding LIN28 comprises SEQ ID NO: 524.