Color stable inks and applications thereof
View Patent ↗In one aspect, inks for use with a 3D printer are described herein. In some embodiments, an ink comprises a polymerizable material and a reactive wax comprising a saturated alkyl moiety bonded to an ethyleneically unsaturated moiety through a urethane, urea, ester, or carbonate ester linkage, wherein the ink is free or substantially free of non-reactive wax.
1. An ink for use in a three-dimensional printing system comprising:
a polymerizable material;
a first reactive wax comprising a saturated alkyl moiety bonded to an ethylenically unsaturated moiety through a urethane or urea linkage; and
a second reactive wax comprising a saturated alkyl moiety bonded to an ethylenically unsaturated moiety through a urethane or urea linkage, wherein the ink is free or substantially free of non-reactive wax, wherein the first reactive wax and the second reactive wax are different, and wherein the first reactive wax and the second reactive wax each comprises a chemical species of Formula (I), Formula (II), or Formula (III):
wherein x is an integer from 0 to 34, y is an integer from 1 to 17, and R is H or CH 3 .
2. An ink for use in a three-dimensional printing system comprising:
a polymerizable material; and
a reactive wax comprising a saturated alkyl moiety bonded to an ethylenically unsaturated moiety through a urethane, urea, ester, or carbonate ester linkage,
wherein the reactive wax comprises the reaction product of an isocyanatoalkyl(meth)acrylate having 2-18 carbon atoms in its alkyl chain and a fatty alcohol having 4-36 carbon atoms in its alkyl chain.
3. The ink of claim 1 , wherein each of the first reactive wax and the second reactive wax comprises a chemical species of Formula (I):
wherein x is an integer from 0 to 34, y is an integer from 1 to 17, and R is H or CH 3 .
4. An ink for use in a three-dimensional printing system comprising:
a polymerizable material; and
a reactive wax comprising a saturated alkyl moiety bonded to an ethylenically unsaturated moiety through a urethane, urea, ester, or carbonate ester linkage,
wherein the reactive wax comprises a chemical species of Formula (II):
wherein x is an integer from 0 to 34, y is an integer from 1 to 17, and R is H or CH 3 .
5. An ink for use in a three-dimensional printing system comprising:
a polymerizable material; and
a reactive wax comprising a saturated alkyl moiety bonded to an ethylenically unsaturated moiety through a urethane, urea, ester, or carbonate ester linkage,
wherein the reactive wax comprises a chemical species of Formula (III):
wherein x is an integer from 0 to 34, y is an integer from 1 to 17, and R is H or CH 3 .
6. The ink of claim 1 , wherein the reactive wax exhibits a melting point range centered between about 50° C. and about 80° C.
7. The ink of claim 1 , wherein the polymerizable material comprises one or more species of (meth)acrylates.
8. The ink of claim 1 , wherein the polymerizable material is UV-curable.
9. The ink of claim 1 further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of photoinitiators, inhibitors, stabilizing agents, sensitizers, and combinations thereof.
10. The ink of claim 1 , wherein the ink exhibits a phase change between about 25° C. and about 55° C.
11. A composition comprising:
a three-dimensionally printed article comprising an ink, the ink comprising a polymerizable material, a first reactive wax comprising a saturated alkyl moiety bonded to an ethylenically unsaturated alkyl moiety through a urethane or urea linkage, and a second reactive wax comprising a saturated alkyl moiety bonded to an ethylenically unsaturated moiety through a urethane or urea linkage, wherein the ink is free or substantially free of non-reactive wax, wherein the first reactive wax and the second reactive wax are different, and wherein the first reactive wax and the second reactive wax each comprises
a chemical species of Formula (I), Formula (II), or Formula (III):
wherein x is an integer from 0 to 34, y is an integer from 1 to 17, and R is H or CH 3 .
12. A method of printing a three dimensional article comprising:
selectively depositing layers of a fluid ink to form the three dimensional article on a substrate, the ink comprising a polymerizable material, and a first reactive wax comprising a saturated alkyl moiety bonded to an ethylenically unsaturated alkyl moiety through a urethane or urea linkage, and a second reactive wax comprising a saturated alkyl moiety bonded to an ethylenically unsaturated moiety through a urethane or urea linkage, wherein the ink is free or substantially free of non-reactive wax, wherein the first reactive wax and the second reactive wax are different, and wherein the first reactive wax and the second reactive wax each comprises
a chemical species of Formula (I), Formula (II), or Formula (III):
wherein x is an integer from 0 to 34, y is an integer from 1 to 17, and R is H or CH 3 .
13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the first reactive wax to the second reactive wax is between about 10:1 and about 1:10.