Method for substantially constant pressure injection molding of thinwall parts
A substantially constant pressure injection molding method and machine that forms molded parts by injecting molten thermoplastic material into a mold cavity at a substantially constant pressure. As a result, the mold cavity is filled with molten thermoplastic material by advancing a continuous flow front of thermoplastic material from a gate to an end of the mold cavity.
1. A method of injection molding a thinwall part at a substantially constant pressure, the method comprising:
providing an injection molding machine having an injection system and a mold with a mold cavity, which has an L/T ratio of more than 100;
operating the injection system to advance a shot, which is more than 50 cc of a molten thermoplastic material, into the mold cavity such that a power of the injection system increases until a predetermined injection pressure is reached;
adjusting a filling pressure profile to cause the power of the injection system to peak within a first 30% of the mold cavity being filled; and
reducing the power of the injection system to maintain a substantially constant injection pressure from when the predetermined injection pressure is reached until the mold cavity is at least substantially filled with the thermoplastic material.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adjusting includes adjusting the filling pressure profile to cause the power of the injection system to peak within a first 20% of the mold cavity being filled.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adjusting includes adjusting the filling pressure profile to cause the power of the injection system to peak within a first 10% of the mold cavity being filled.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the operating includes operating the injection system to maintain a substantially continuous and moving flow front of the molten thermoplastic material that moves without hesitation as the shot advances through the mold cavity.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the operating includes operating the injection system to fill the mold cavity at least 99% full with the molten thermoplastic material, before the thermoplastic material begins to freeze at its flow front.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the providing includes providing the injection molding machine having the mold wherein the mold cavity has an L/T ratio of 200 or greater.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the providing includes providing the injection molding machine having the mold wherein the mold cavity has an L/T ratio of 250 or greater.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the operating includes operating the injection system to advance the shot, which is more than 100 cc of the molten thermoplastic material.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing includes reducing the power of the injection system to maintain the substantially constant injection pressure, which fluctuates no more than 30%.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing includes reducing the power of the injection system to maintain the substantially constant injection pressure, which fluctuates no more than 20%.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing includes reducing the power of the injection system to maintain the substantially constant injection pressure, which is less than 10,000 psi.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing includes reducing the power of the injection system to maintain the substantially constant injection pressure, which is less than 8,000 psi.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing includes reducing the power of the injection system to maintain the substantially constant injection pressure, which is less than 7,000 psi.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing includes reducing the power of the injection system to maintain the substantially constant injection pressure, which is less than 6,000 psi.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing includes reducing the power of the injection system to maintain the substantially constant injection pressure from when the predetermined injection pressure is reached until the mold cavity is 99% or more filled with the thermoplastic material.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing includes reducing the power of the injection system to maintain the substantially constant injection pressure from when the predetermined injection pressure is reached until the mold cavity is completely filled with the thermoplastic material.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the providing includes providing the injection molding machine, configured such that the power of the injection system is provided by an electric press.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the providing includes providing the injection molding machine, configured such that the power of the injection system is provided by the electric press, which has a power rating of 200 horsepower or less.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adjusting includes adjusting the filling pressure profile to cause the power of the injection system to peak at the peak power that is at least 30% less than a conventional peak power for a conventional, high, variable pressure injection molding process having a peak pressure that is greater than about 15,000 psi.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adjusting includes adjusting the filling pressure profile to cause the power of the injection system to peak at the peak power that is at least 50% less than a conventional peak power for a conventional, high, variable pressure injection molding process having a peak pressure that is greater than about 20,000 psi.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the injection molding machine further comprises a nozzle, a pressure sensor located in the vicinity of the nozzle for measuring pressure and a controller that receives a signal from the pressure sensor.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the injection molding machine further comprises a screw for advancing the shot toward the nozzle, the controller being in communication with the screw, and wherein the controller commands the screw to advance at a rate to maintain the substantially constant injection pressure.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the mold further comprises a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the molten thermoplastic material in the mold cavity and wherein the temperature sensor is in communication with the controller.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the air pressure within the mold cavity is at about atmospheric pressure.
25. The method of claim 23 , wherein the injection molding machine is devoid of means for pressurizing the mold cavity.
26. The method of claim 1 , wherein the shot comprises a material selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, acetal copolymer, polypropylene, nylon, polycarbonate, polystyrene, styrene acrylonitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, polytrimethylene terepthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polylactic acid and a thermoplastic elastomer and wherein the substantially constant injection pressure is less than 10,000 psi.
27. The method of claim 26 , wherein the material is acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and the substantially constant injection pressure is less than 8,000 psi.
28. The method of claim 26 , wherein the material is polyester and the substantially constant injection pressure is less than 5,800 psi.
29. The method of claim 26 , wherein the material is acetal copolymer and the substantially constant injection pressure is less than 7,000 psi.
30. The method of claim 1 , wherein a total fill time period to fill the mold cavity with the shot comprises a filling time period and cooling time period and wherein the filling time period comprises about 90% of the total fill time period and the cooling time period comprises about 10% of the total fill time period.
31. The method of claim 1 , wherein the injection molding machine further comprises a nozzle, and the shot has a peak flow rate at the nozzle that occurs at a time approximately equal to the time that the power of the injection system peaks.