Sequestering polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in asphalt
View Patent ↗This invention is based upon the discovery that activated carbon can be used to sequester polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that may be present in asphalt and creosote compositions. The treatment of asphalt and creosote compositions with activated carbon accordingly reduces the level of free polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in such compositions by sequestering them therein or removing them from the composition. After being sequestered the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons remain trapped in the asphalt or creosote composition, and are not available to the environment during normal processing into useful industrial products. This sequestration reduces the risk of exposing humans and the environment to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which would otherwise be free to migrate from the asphalt or creosote product during manufacturing and the service life of the product. In other words, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are absorbed onto the activated carbon and are not available for bioaccumulation from the environment.
1. A method for sequestering free polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an asphalt composition comprising: (1) heating the asphalt composition to an elevated temperature, (2) mixing an activated carbon throughout the asphalt composition, and (3) maintaining the asphalt composition containing the activated carbon at the elevated temperature for a period of time which is sufficient for the activated carbon to sequester the free polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the asphalt composition, wherein the free polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons include benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(e)pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(j)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, and dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, wherein the level of free benzo(a)pyrene is reduced to less than 1 ppm, wherein the elevated temperature is above the softening point of the asphalt, and wherein the elevated temperature at least 40° C.
2. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the activated carbon is dispersed in a substantially homogenous manner throughout the asphalt composition.
3. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the asphalt composition containing the activated carbon is maintained at the elevated temperature for a period of about 1 hour to about 24 hours.
4. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the asphalt composition containing the activated carbon is maintained at the elevated temperature for a period of about 2 hours to about 12 hours.
5. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the asphalt composition containing the activated carbon is maintained at the elevated temperature for a period of about 4 hours to about 8 hours.
6. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the activated carbon is mixed throughout the asphalt composition at a level which is within the range of about 0.2 weight percent to about 20 weight percent.
7. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the activated carbon is mixed throughout the asphalt composition at a level which is within the range of about 0.5 weight percent to about 15 weight percent.
8. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the activated carbon is mixed throughout the asphalt composition at a level which is within the range of 1.0 weight percent to about 5 weight percent.
9. A method for removing free polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons from asphalt compositions which comprises sequestering the free polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons in the asphalt composition as specified in claim 1 and which further comprises removing the activated carbon having the polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons sequestered thereon from the asphalt composition.
10. The method as specified in claim 9 wherein the activated carbon having the free polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons sequestered thereon is removed from the asphalt composition by filtration and wherein the activated carbon is in a filterable form.
11. The method as specified in claim 10 wherein the activated carbon is in the form of pellets.
12. The method as specified in claim 10 wherein the activated carbon is encapsulated in a polymeric binder, wherein the polymeric binder is permeable to the free polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and wherein the polymeric binder maintains its structural integrity throughout said process.
13. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the asphalt is an industrial asphalt having a softening point which is within the range of 50° C. to 200° C. and a penetration value of less than 15 dmm.
14. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the elevated temperature is within the range of 80° C. to 250° C.
15. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the asphalt composition is maintained in step (3) under conditions of continuous mixing.
16. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the asphalt composition is maintained in step (3) under a nitrogen purge.
17. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the asphalt is air blown asphalt.
18. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the activated carbon has a surface area in excess of 500 m 2 /g, as determined by nitrogen gas absorption.
19. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the activated carbon is a powdered activated carbon having an average diameter which is within the range of 0.15 mm to 0.25 mm.
20. The method as specified in claim 1 wherein the level of free benzo(a)pyrene in the asphalt composition is reduced in step (3) to less than 1 ppm.