BIOBASED COMPOSITIONS OF DIAMMONIUM SUCCINATE, MONOAMMONIUM SUCCINATE AND/OR SUCCINIC ACID AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF
A composition comprising between 95 and 100% biobased succinic acid, MAS or DAS wherein at least 75% of the carbons are biobased.
1 . A composition comprising between 95 and 100% biobased succinic acid wherein at least 97% of the carbons in the succinic acid are biobased.
2 . A composition comprising between 75 and 88% biobased succinic acid wherein at least 75% of the carbons in the succinic acid are biobased.
3 . A composition comprising between 75 and 80% biobased succinic acid about 78% of the carbons in the succinic acid are biobased.
4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is low in UV270.
5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has between about 50 ppm and about 5 ppm H 3 PO 4 .
6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is low in H 2 SO 4 .
7 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is low in HCL.
8 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is low in glucose and sugars.
9 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is low in amides and imides.
10 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is low in volatile fatty acids (VFAs), acetic, formic, and propionic acid.
11 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is low in maleic and fumaric acids.
12 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition upon dilution to 4% concentration in water has an ultraviolet absorption at 255 nm of less than about 0.35 and at 270 nm of less than about 0.31.
13 . The composition of claim 1 , having a concentration of total organic impurities of less than about 2000 ppm.
14 . The composition of claim 13 , having a concentration of total organic impurities of less than about 1000 ppm.
15 . The composition of claim 13 , having a concentration of total organic impurities of less than about 750 ppm.
16 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein at least 97% of the carbons in the succinic acid are biobased according to ASTM-D6866.
17 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the succinic acid satisfies at least one of the following:
a) an acid titration measurement between 99.0% and not more than 100.5%,
b) a lead content of no more than 2 mg/kg,
c) a melting point range between 185.0° and 190.0,° and
d) a residue on ignition of no more than 0.025%.
18 . A composition comprising between 95 and 100% biobased MAS wherein at least 97% of the carbons in the MAS are biobased.
19 . A composition comprising between 75 and 88% biobased MAS wherein at least 75% of the carbons in the MAS are biobased.
20 . A composition comprising between 75 and 80% biobased MAS wherein about 78% of the carbons in the MAS are biobased.
21 . The composition of claim 18 , wherein the composition is low in UV270.
22 . The composition of claim 18 , wherein the composition has between about 50 ppm and about 5 ppm H 3 PO 4 .
23 . The composition of claim 18 , wherein the composition is low in H 2 SO 4 .
24 . The composition of claim 18 , wherein the composition is low in HCL.
25 . The composition of claim 18 , wherein the composition is low in glucose and sugars.
26 . The composition of claim 18 , wherein the composition is low in amides and imides.
27 . The composition of claim 18 , wherein the composition is low in volatile fatty acids (VFAs), acetic, formic, and propionic acid.
28 . The composition of claim 18 , wherein the composition is low in maleic and fumaric acids.
29 . The composition of claim 18 , wherein the composition upon dilution to 4% concentration in water has an ultraviolet absorption at 255 nm of less than about 0.35 and at 270 nm of less than about 0.31.
30 . The composition of claim 18 , having a concentration of total organic impurities of less than about 2000 ppm.
31 . The composition of claim 30 , having a concentration of total organic impurities of less than about 1000 ppm.
32 . The composition of claim 30 , having a concentration of total organic impurities of less than about 750 ppm.
33 . A composition comprising between 95 and 100% biobased DAS wherein at least 97% of the carbons in the DAS are biobased.
34 . A composition comprising between 75 and 88% biobased DAS wherein at least 75% of the carbons in the DAS are biobased.
35 . A composition comprising between 75 and 80% biobased DAS wherein about 78% of the carbons in the DAS are biobased.
36 . The composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition is low in UV270.
37 . The composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition is low in H 2 SO 4 .
38 . The composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition is low in HCL.
39 . The composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition is low in glucose and sugars.
40 . The composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition is low in amides and imides.
41 . The composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition is low in volatile fatty acids (VFAs), acetic, formic, and propionic acid.
442 . The composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition is low in maleic and fumaric acids.
43 . The composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition upon dilution to 4% concentration in water has an ultraviolet absorption at 255 nm of less than about 0.35 and at 270 nm of less than about 0.31.
44 . The composition of claim 33 , having a concentration of total organic impurities of less than about 2000 ppm.
45 . The composition of claim 44 , having a concentration of total organic impurities of less than about 1000 ppm.
46 . The composition of claim 44 , having a concentration of total organic impurities of less than about 750 ppm.
47 . The composition of any one of claim 1 , 18 or 33 having a carbon source which is at least one selected from the group consisting of NH 4 HOC 3 , CaCO 3 , and Na 2 CO 3 .
48 . A composition comprising between 95 and 100% biobased BDO wherein at least 97% of the carbons in the BDO are biobased.
49 . A composition comprising between 75 and 88% biobased BDO wherein at least 75% of the carbons in the BDO are biobased.
50 . A composition comprising between 75 and 80% biobased BDO wherein about 78% of the carbons in the BDO are biobased.
51 . The composition of claim 48 , wherein 2/8 mole of carbon is sourced from CO 2 capture of a petro-based source.
52 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased BDO low in UV270.
53 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased BDO having between 50 ppm and 5 ppm H 3 PO 4 .
54 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased BDO low in HCL.
55 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased BDO low in glucose and sugars.
56 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased BDO low in H 2 SO 4 .
57 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased BDO low in VFAs acetic formic propionic.
58 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased BDO low in maleic & fumaric acids.
59 . A composition comprising between 95 and 100% biobased THF wherein at least 97% of the carbons in the THF are biobased.
60 . A composition comprising between 75 and 88% biobased THF wherein at least 75% of the carbons in the THF are biobased.
61 . A composition comprising between 75 and 80% biobased THF wherein about 78% of the carbons in the THF are biobased.
62 . The composition of claim 59 , wherein 2/8 mole of carbon is sourced from CO 2 capture of a petro-based source
63 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased THF low in maleic and fumaric acids.
64 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased THF low in UV270.
65 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased THF having between about 50 ppm and about 5 ppm H 3 PO 4 .
66 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased THF low in HCL.
67 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased THF low in glucose and sugars.
68 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased THF low in H 2 SO 4 .
69 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased THF low in VFAs acetic formic propionic.
70 . A composition comprising between 95 and 100% biobased GBL wherein at least 97% of the carbons in the GBL are biobased.
71 . A composition comprising between 75 and 88% biobased GBL wherein at least 75% of the carbons in the GBL are biobased.
72 . A composition comprising between 75 and 80% biobased GBL wherein about 78% of the carbons in the GBL are biobased.
73 . The composition of claim 70 , wherein 2/8 mole of carbon is sourced from CO 2 capture of a petro-based source
74 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased GBL low in maleic and fumaric acids.
75 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased GBL low in UV270.
76 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased GBL having between about 50 ppm and about 5 ppm H 3 PO 4 .
77 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased GBL low in HCL.
78 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased GBL low in glucose. and sugars.
79 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased GBL low in H 2 SO 4 .
80 . A composition comprising between 75 and 100% biobased GBL low in VFAs acetic formic propionic.
81 . The composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition has between 50 ppm and 5 ppm H 3 PO 4 .