Gas generant with auto-ignition function
View Patent ↗Gas generating compositions include a primary fuel selected from aminotetrazoles and heterocyclic amines; a carbonyl donor selected from formaldehyde, formamide, or an ammonium formate; and a basic constituent selected from alkali and alkaline earth metal aminotetrazoles, hydantoin and basic derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof. Gas generators and vehicle occupant protection systems incorporating the present compositions are also described.
1. A gas generator containing a composition, the composition comprising:
a primary fuel selected from the group of aminotetrazoles and heterocyclic amines wherein said total fuel component is provided at about 5-50 weight percent of the total composition;
a carbonyl donor selected from formaldehyde, formamide and an ammonium formate; and
a basic constituent selected from alkali and alkaline earth metal salts of aminotetrazoles, hydantoin and basic derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof, said basic constituent provided at least at about two weight percent of the total composition
wherein said carbonyl donor is provided at about 3-65 weight percent of the total composition.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein said primary fuel is selected from 5-aminotetrazole, 1-methyl-5-aminotetrazole, and 2-methyl-5-aminotetrazole.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein said ammonium formate is selected from ammonium formate, alkyl (C1-C4) ammonium formate, ammonium diformates, and mixtures thereof.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein said basic constituent is potassium 5-aminotetrazole.
5. The composition of claim 1 comprising a secondary fuel selected from nonmetal salts of azoles; nitrate salts of azoles; nitramine derivatives of azoles; metal salts of nitramine derivatives of azoles; nonmetal salts of nitramine derivative of azole; guanidines; salts of guanidines; nitro derivatives of guanidines; azoamides; nitrate salts of azoamides; and mixtures thereof.
6. The composition of claim 1 further comprising an oxidizer selected from basic metal nitrates; and metal and nonmetal nitrates, chlorates, perchlorates, nitrites, oxides, and peroxides.
7. The composition of claim 1 containing 5-aminotetrazole, potassium 5-aminotetrazole, and formaldehyde.
8. A vehicle occupant protection system containing the gas generator of claim 1 .
9. A gas generator containing a composition, the composition comprising:
a primary fuel selected from the group of aminotetrazoles and heterocyclic amines wherein said total fuel component is provided at about 5-50 weight percent of the total composition;
a second compound containing a carbonyl group; and
a basic constituent selected from alkali and alkaline earth metal salts of aminotetrazoles, hydantoin and basic derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof, said basic constituent provided at least at about two weight percent of the total composition,
wherein said second compound is provided at about 35-65 weight percent of the total composition.
10. The composition of claim 9 comprising a secondary fuel selected from nonmetal salts of azoles; nitrate salts of azoles; nitramine derivatives of azoles; metal salts of nitramine derivatives of azoles; nonmetal salts of nitramine derivative of azole; guanidines; salts of guanidines; nitro derivatives of guanidines; azoamides; nitrate salts of azoamides; and mixtures thereof.
11. The composition of claim 9 wherein said primary fuel is selected from 5-aminotetrazole, 1-methyl-5-aminotetrazole, and 2-methyl-5-aminotetrazole.
12. The composition of claim 9 wherein said second compound is selected from formaldehyde, formamide, ammonium formate, alkyl (C1-C4) ammonium formate, ammonium diformates, and mixtures thereof.
13. The composition of claim 9 wherein said basic constituent is potassium 5-aminotetrazole.
14. The composition of claim 9 further comprising a secondary oxidizer selected from basic metal nitrates; and metal and nonmetal nitrates, chlorates, perchlorates, nitrites, oxides, and peroxides.
15. The composition of claim 9 containing 5-aminotetrazole, potassium aminotetrazole, and ammonium formate.
16. A vehicle occupant protection system containing the gas generator of claim 9 .
17. A gas generator containing a composition, the composition comprising:
5-aminotetrazole provided at about 5-50 weight percent of the total composition;
formaldehyde provided at least at about 10 weight percent of the total composition; and
potassium 5-aminotetrazole provided at least at about two weight percent of the total composition.
18. A vehicle occupant protection system containing the composition of claim 17 .