Homogenization and heat-treatment of cast metals
View Patent ↗A method of casting a metal ingot with a microstructure that facilitates further working, such as hot and cold rolling. The metal is cast in a direct chill casting mold, or the equivalent, that directs a spray of coolant liquid onto the outer surface of the ingot to achieve rapid cooling. The coolant is removed from the surface at a location where the emerging embryonic ingot is still not completely solid, such that the latent heat of solidification and the sensible heat of the molten core raises the temperature of the adjacent solid shell to a convergence temperature that is above a transition temperature for in-situ homogenization of the metal. A further conventional homogenization step is then not required. The invention also relates to the heat-treatment of such ingots prior to hot working.
1. A method of producing a metal ingot that can be hot-rolled without prior homogenization, which method comprises:
casting a metal to form an ingot under conditions of temperature and time effective to produce a solidified metal having a non-cored microstructure, wherein the conditions include directing a supply of coolant liquid onto an outer surface of an embryonic ingot; causing the coolant liquid to be removed from the surface of the embryonic ingot before the embryonic ingot has been transformed into a fully solid ingot; and holding the embryonic ingot at a temperature effective to produce a non-cored microstructure for a period of at least 10 minutes during the casting of the metal.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conditions include holding the embryonic ingot at a temperature above a transformation temperature effective to cause in-situ homogenization for a period of 10 to 30 minutes during the casting of the metal.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the conditions include holding the embryonic ingot at a temperature above a transformation temperature effective to cause in-situ homogenization for a period of 15 to 20 minutes.
4. A method of producing a metal ingot that can be hot-rolled without prior homogenization, which method comprises:
casting a metal to form an ingot under conditions of temperature and time effective to produce a solidified metal having a fractured microstructure, wherein the conditions include directing a supply of coolant liquid onto an outer surface of an embryonic ingot; causing the coolant liquid to be removed from the surface of the embryonic ingot before the embryonic ingot has been transformed into a fully solid ingot; and holding the embryonic ingot at a temperature effective to produce a non-cored microstructure for a period of at least 10 minutes during the casting of the metal.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the conditions include holding the embryonic ingot at a temperature above a transformation temperature effective to cause in-situ homogenization for a period of 10 to 30 minutes during the casting of the metal.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the conditions include holding the embryonic ingot at a temperature above a transformation temperature effective to cause in-situ homogenization for a period of 15 to 20 minutes.
7. A method of producing a metal ingot that can be hot-rolled without prior homogenization, which method comprises:
casting a metal to form an ingot under conditions of temperature and time effective to produce a solidified metal having a microstructure of a homogenized metal, wherein the conditions include directing a supply of coolant liquid onto an outer surface of an embryonic ingot; causing the coolant liquid to be removed from the surface of the embryonic ingot before the embryonic ingot has been transformed into a fully solid ingot; and holding the embryonic ingot at a temperature effective to produce a non-cored microstructure for a period of at least 10 minutes during the casting of the metal.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the conditions include holding the embryonic ingot at a temperature above a transformation temperature effective to cause in-situ homogenization for a period of 10 to 30 minutes during the casting of the metal.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the conditions include holding the embryonic ingot at a temperature above a transformation temperature effective to cause in-situ homogenization for a period of 15 to 20 minutes.