METHODS OF MAKING THE SUPPORTED POLYAMINES AND STRUCTURES INCLUDING SUPPORTED POLYAMINES
Methods of making supported polyamines, supported polyamines, and the like, are disclosed.
1 . A method of making a structure including polyamines, comprising:
contacting a monomer having a nitrogen-containing heterocycle with a material, wherein the monomer is in the vapor phase; and
forming a hyperbranched polymer on a surface of the material.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein forming is conducted at a temperature of about 0° to 200° C. for a time period of about 2 h to 200 h.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the monomer is selected from the group consisting of: an aziridine monomer, an azetidine monomer, a pyrrolidine monomer, or a diazetidine monomer, and a combination thereof.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the material is selected from the group consisting of: silica, alumina, aluminosilicates, zirconia, germania, magnesia, titania, hafnia, iron oxide, mixed oxides composed of those elements, and an organically modified derivatives of each of these.
5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the organically modified silicate includes carboxylate groups on the surface of the material.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the hyperbranched polymer is covalently bonded to an oxygen of the hydroxyl group on the surface of the material.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the hyperbranched polymer is an ethylene-amine hyperbranched polymer.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the hyperbranched polymer includes units having the formula R,N-CR 2 -CR 2 , wherein R is selected from H and a functional group, wherein w is 0, 1, or 2.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the hyperbranched polymer includes units having the formula H w N—CH 2 —CH 2 , wherein w is 0, 1, or 2.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the hyperbranched polymer is covalently bonded via a silicon compound to one or more oxygen atoms on the surface of the pore, wherein the silicon compound has the formula Si(OCH 3 ), wherein Si forms bonds to one, two, or three oxygen atoms on the surface of the pore.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a molecule having the formula —(CR1R2) s —X—HP is covalently bonded to the oxygen of the hydroxyl group on the inside surface of the pore, wherein s is 1 to 10, wherein each of R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of: H, an alkyl, a substituted alkyl, an aryl, a substituted aryl, an alkenyl, a substituted alkenyl, an alkynyl, a substituted alkynyl, and a combination thereof, where a substitution is from a group selected from the group consisting of: F, Cl, Br, I, N, P, S, and O, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of: N—R, S, and P—R, where N or P bonds to the HP, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of: H, an alkyl, a substituted alkyl, an aryl, a substituted aryl, an alkenyl, a substituted alkenyl, an alkynyl, a substituted alkynyl, and a combination thereof, where the substitution is from a group selected from the group consisting of: F, Cl, Br, I, I, N, P, S, and O, wherein if X is N—R or P—R, then R is selected from the group consisting of: HP, H, an alkyl, a substituted alkyl, an aryl, a substituted aryl, an alkenyl, a substituted alkenyl, an alkynyl, a substituted alkynyl, and a combination thereof, where the substitution is from a group selected from the group consisting of: F, Cl, Br, I, N, P, S, and O, and wherein HP is the hyperbranched polymer.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a molecule having the formula —SiR4 q -(CR1R2) s -X—HP is covalently bonded to one, two, or three oxygen atoms on the surface of the pore, wherein s is 1 to 10, wherein each of R1 and R2 are selected from the group consisting of: H, an alkyl, a substituted alkyl, an aryl, a substituted aryl, an alkenyl, a substituted alkenyl, an alkynyl, a substituted alkynyl, and a combination thereof, where a substitution is from a group selected from the group consisting of: F, Cl, Br, I, N, P, S, and O, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of: N—R, S, and P—R, where P bonds to the HP, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of: H, an alkyl, a substituted alkyl, an aryl, a substituted aryl, an alkenyl, a substituted alkenyl, an alkynyl, a substituted alkynyl, and a combination thereof, where the substitution is from a group selected from the group consisting of: F, Cl, Br, I, N, P, S, and O, wherein R4 is selected from the group consisting of: an alkyl, a substituted alkyl, an alkenyl, a substituted alkenyl, a methyl, a substituted methyl, an alkoxyl, a substituted alkoxyl, a methoxy, a n-propoxy, an iso-propoxy, a halogen, and N(R) 2 , wherein q is 1 or 2, and wherein HP is the hyperbranched polymer.
13 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
removing unreacted monomer from the material.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein removing includes flowing a gas across the surface of the material to remove unreacted monomer.
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the structure is selected from the group consisting of: a porous structure, a fiber, a capillary tube, a disk membrane, a tubular membrane, a sheet, and a monolith.
16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the material is an organic polymer.
17 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the material has a longest dimension of about 500 nm to 500 μm.
18 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the material has a dimension perpendicular to the gas flow of about 2 mm to 100 cm.