System for water recovery including multiple power sources
A system and method recover water from an ambient airstream. Dehumidification of the airstream is also achieved by removal of the water. A device of the system includes a chamber having a group of trays that hold respective amounts of liquid desiccant in each tray. A foam media absorbs the desiccant to increase an exposed surface of the desiccant to the airstream. Fans and valves are used to control airflow through the device. A charge cycle circulates air through the device to remove water vapor from the airstream. A subsequent extraction cycle removes water collected in the liquid desiccant by a condenser communicating with the chamber. An integral heat exchanger, powered by a variety of power sources, adds heat to the chamber during the extraction cycle. A controller is used to integrate and manage all system functions and input variables to achieve a high efficiency of operational energy use for water collection.
1. A water recovery device comprising:
a desiccant stack including a chamber defining an airflow path therein, the desiccant stack including a plurality of desiccant trays, each desiccant tray including a desiccant media cartridge and an amount of liquid desiccant placed within the desiccant tray and absorbed by a media material of the media cartridge;
a condenser communicating with the desiccant stack;
a heat exchanger communicating with the desiccant stack;
a heat source in communication with the heat exchanger for providing heat to the heat exchanger;
wherein the water recovery device is operated in a charge cycle for circulating ambient air through the chamber to remove water vapor by the liquid desiccant and retaining water vapor in the chamber, the water recovery device being further operated in an extraction cycle to remove the retained water vapor within the chamber, the condenser providing a cooling source to condense the water vapor, thereby producing an amount of water condensate.
2. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
the heat source comprises a heating fluid, a heating fluid tank and a heating line, the heating line in fluid communication with the heat exchanger.
3. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 2 , wherein:
the heat source includes at least one of a solar collector, a photovoltaic cell, an electric heater, a gas heater, a diesel heater, a steam generator, a boiler, a hot process stream, a geothermal source, a manual source and heat collected from a waste heat source.
4. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 3 , further comprising:
a controller incorporated in the device for controlling functioning of the device to include the charge cycle and the extraction cycle, the device further including a plurality of sensors as inputs to the controller, and a plurality of valves and fans as outputs of the controller, the valves and fans being located within air transport lines of the device.
5. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 4 wherein:
the plurality of sensors includes temperature sensors and humidity sensors.
6. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 5 , wherein:
the heat exchanger is placed below the desiccant stack, and an airstream flowing through the device first flows through the heat exchanger and then through the chamber.
7. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
the heat source comprises a heating fluid and a heating line, the heating line in fluid communication with the heat exchanger.
8. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 7 , wherein:
the heat source includes at least one of a solar collector, a photovoltaic cell, an electric heater, a gas heater, a diesel heater, a steam generator, a boiler, a hot process stream, a geothermal source, a manual source and heat collected from a waste heat source.
9. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 8 , further comprising:
a controller incorporated in the device for controlling functioning of the device to include the charge cycle and the extraction cycle, the device further including a plurality of sensors as inputs to the controller, and a plurality of valves and fans as outputs of the controller, the valves and fans being located within air transport lines of the device.
10. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 9 , further comprising:
a power source, the power source in communication with the heat source, the power source providing power to the heat source.
11. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 10 , wherein:
the power source includes at least one of a diesel engine, a boiler, a battery, a geothermal source, a hydroelectric source, a human-powered source, and power over Ethernet.
12. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 11 , further comprising:
a controller incorporated in the device for controlling functioning of the device to include the charge cycle and the extraction cycle, the device further including a plurality of sensors as inputs to the controller, and a plurality of valves and fans as outputs of the controller, the valves and fans being located within air transport lines of the device; and
the heat source comprises a heating fluid, a heating fluid tank and a heating line, the heating line in fluid communication with the heat exchanger.
13. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 12 , wherein:
the power source also supplies power to at least one additional element of the device other than the heat source.
14. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 13 , wherein:
the heat exchanger is placed below the desiccant stack, and an airstream flowing through the device first flows through the heat exchanger and then through the chamber.
15. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 14 , wherein:
the controller comprises a programmable logic controller and a microcontroller.
16. A water recovery system, comprising:
(a) water recovery device including:
(1) a desiccant stack including a chamber defining an airflow path therein, the desiccant stack including a plurality of desiccant trays, each desiccant tray including a desiccant media cartridge and an amount of liquid desiccant placed within the desiccant tray and being absorbed by a media material of the media cartridge;
(2) a condenser communicating with the desiccant stack;
(3) a heat exchanger communicating with the desiccant stack;
(4) a heat source in communication with the heat exchanger for providing heat to the heat exchanger;
wherein the water recovery device is operated in a charge cycle for circulating ambient air through the chamber to remove water vapor by the liquid desiccant and retaining water vapor in the chamber, the water recovery device being further operated in an extraction cycle to remove the retained water vapor within the chamber, the condenser providing a cooling source to condense the water vapor, thereby producing an amount of water condensate;
(b) a controller incorporated in the water recovery device for controlling functioning of the water recovery device to include the charge cycle and the extraction cycle, the water recovery device further including a plurality of sensors as inputs to the controller, and a plurality of valves and fans as outputs of the controller, the valves and fans being located within air transport lines of the water recovery device; and
(c) a communications node incorporated within a communications system enabling the water recovery device to communicate within the communications system.
17. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 16 , wherein:
the heat source comprises a heating fluid and a heating line, the heating line in fluid communication with the heat exchange.
18. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 17 , wherein:
the heat source includes at least one of a solar collector, a photovoltaic cell, an electric heater, a gas heater, a diesel heater, a steam generator, a boiler, a hot process stream, a geothermal source, a manual source and heat collected from a waste heat source.
19. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
a power source, the power source in communication with the heat source, the power source providing power to the heat source.
20. A water recovery device, as claimed in claim 19 , wherein:
the power source includes at least one of a diesel engine, a boiler, a battery, a geothermal source, a hydroelectric source, a human-powered source, and power over Ethernet.