Chemical treatment method and additive used to treat fines migration and flow through porous media

1. A method for reducing fines migration in a porous subterranean reservoir, the method comprising:

(i) introducing a composition consisting of a water-soluble or dispersible branched polyhydroxyetheramine into the porous subterranean reservoir;

(ii) maintaining a sufficient temperature in the porous subterranean reservoir for a period of time;

(iii) optionally adsorbing the composition onto a surface of the porous subterranean reservoir; and

(iv) stabilizing at least a portion of the fines present in the porous subterranean reservoir thereby reducing fines migration, wherein the sufficient temperature is at least 100° F.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble or dispersible branched polyhydroxyetheramine is an alkylene oxide branched polyhydroxyetheramine or a salt thereof.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the alkylene oxide branched polyhydroxyetheramine is prepared by reacting a mixture of diepoxide and one or more aliphatic or aromatic triepoxides with

a) one or more alkylene oxide functionalized amines or a mixture of one or more alkylene oxide functionalized amines and one or more fatty amines; and

b) one or more amines having two reactive hydrogen atoms to impart cross linking,

c) optionally further comprising reacting the alkylene oxide branched polyhydroxyetheramine with an acid or alkylating agent.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble or dispersible branched polyhydroxyetheramine is a product of a reaction comprising:

reacting a diepoxide or a mixture of diepoxides and multi-epoxide compounds with

a) one or more alkylene oxide functionalized amines or a mixture of one or more alkylene oxide functionalized amines and one or more amines;

b) one or more amines having two reactive hydrogen atoms; and

c) optionally reacting the resulting polyhydroxyetheramine with an acid or alkylating agent to form the salt.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble or dispersible branched polyhydroxyetheramine is prepared by

a) reacting an amine having two reactive hydrogen atoms with a diepoxide to form a polyhydroxyetheramine; and then reacting the polyhydroxyetheramine with an N-alkylating agent to form the water-soluble branched polyhydroxyetheramine;

c) optionally further comprising the step of reacting the polyhydroxyetheramine with an amine having one or two reactive hydrogen atoms; and

d) optionally further comprising the step of adding one or more aliphatic triepoxides simultaneously with the diepoxide.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble or dispersible branched polyhydroxyetheramine is selected from the group consisting of a diethanolamine capped ethanolamine/diglycidyl ether of neopentyl glycol copolymer grafted with epichlorohydrin terminated polyethyleneglycol methyl ether, an N,N,N′-trimethyl-1,3-propanediamine capped ethanolamine/3-(dimethylamino)propylamine/diglycidyl ether of neopentyl glycol terpolymer grafted with epichlorohydrin terminated polyethyleneglycol methyl ether polymer, a diethanolamine capped 3-(dimethylamino)propylamine/ethanolamine/poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether terpolmer grafted with epichlorohydrin terminated polyethyleneglycol methyl ether, and a diethanolamine capped 3-(dimethylamino)propylamine/ethanolamine/ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether terpolymer grafted with epichlorohydrin terminated polyethyleneglycol methyl ether.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is introduced into the subterranean reservoir in an amount from about 0.001% to about 2% by weight of the composition, based on a total volume of an introduced fluid.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is introduced into the subterranean reservoir in an amount from about 0.02% to about 0.16% by weight of the composition, based on a total volume of an introduced fluid.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is introduced in a reverse or opposite flow direction compared to a normal flow production direction.

10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of (i) diluting the composition in a brine solution to form a brine mixture and (ii) pumping the brine mixture into the porous subterranean reservoir at a matrix rate.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the brine comprises from about 2 wt % to about 7 wt % KCl.

12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the brine comprises about 6 wt % NaCl.

13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of (i) mixing the composition with a hydraulic fracturing fluid to form a fracturing mixture and (ii) introducing the mixture into the porous subterranean reservoir during fracture stimulation, whereby stabilizing fines generated from the fracture stimulation and fines inherently present in the porous subterranean reservoir.

14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of (i) mixing the composition with an acidizing additive to form a acidizing mixture and (ii) introducing the acidizing mixture into the porous subterranean reservoir during an acid stimulation treatment whereby stabilizing fines generated by acid dissolution of rock within the porous subterranean reservoir and fines inherently present in the porous subterranean reservoir.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the time sufficient to cause the composition to adsorb onto the surface of the porous subterranean reservoir while stabilizing at least a portion of fines present in the subterranean reservoir is about 8 to 12 hours.

16. The method of claim 1 , wherein maintaining the sufficient temperature in the porous subterranean reservoir for the time sufficient to cause the composition to adsorb onto the surface of the porous subterranean reservoir while stabilizing at least the portion of fines present in the subterranean reservoir creates stabilization of fines resistant to temperatures down to 100° F. and up to 350° F.

17. A method for reducing fines migration in a porous subterranean reservoir, the method comprising:

(i) introducing a composition comprising a water-soluble or dispersible branched polyhydroxyetheramine into the porous subterranean reservoir;

(ii) maintaining a sufficient temperature in the porous subterranean reservoir for a period of time;

(iii) optionally adsorbing the composition onto a surface of the porous subterranean reservoir; and

(iv) stabilizing at least a portion of the fines present in the porous subterranean reservoir thereby reducing fines migration, wherein the sufficient temperature is at least 100° F., and wherein the water soluble or dispersible polyhydroxyetheramine is a reaction product of bisphenol A (a diepoxy compound), an ethanol amine, diethanol amine, and a monofunctionalized polyoxyalkyleneamine.

18. A method for enhancing an effective permeability of a porous subterranean reservoir, wherein the subterranean reservoir comprises a wall and a plurality of fines, comprising:

i) introducing a composition comprising a water-soluble or dispersible branched polyhydroxyetheramine into the porous subterranean reservoir, wherein the composition forms a coating on the plurality of fines, wherein the coating attaches the plurality of the fines to the wall, thereby preventing migration of the plurality of fines; and

ii) enhancing the effective permeability of the reservoir to a flow of aqueous fluids, as well as hydrocarbons.

19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the water soluble or dispersible polyhydroxyetheramine is a reaction product of bisphenol A (a diepoxy compound), an ethanol amine, diethanol amine, and a monofunctionalized polyoxyalkyleneamine.