Electrophysiology loop catheter
A catheter including control, localization, and/or fluid delivery features, and methods of using the same. One embodiment is directed to an electrophysiology catheter including a superelastic wire and a cable, and a method of controlling the catheter using the cable. Another embodiment is directed to an electrophysiology catheter including an adhesive to bias the orientation of the catheter. A further embodiment is directed to an electrophysiology catheter including adhesive and one or more cables, and a method of controlling the catheter using the one or more cables. Another embodiment is directed to a method including acts of injecting a fluid into the heart of a patient and adjusting the diameter of an arcuate curve of the catheter. Further embodiments are directed to a catheter having multiple position sensors on an arcuate curve of the catheter, or a position sensor associated with a movable electrode of the catheter.
1. A catheter comprising:
a handle having a distal end and a proximal end, the handle including an actuator;
a flexible shaft having a proximal end and a distal end and a longitudinal axis that extends along a length of the flexible shaft, the proximal end of the flexible shaft being attached to the distal end of the handle;
a tip assembly having a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end of the tip assembly being attached to the distal end of the flexible shaft, and the tip assembly including a wire formed of a superelastic material and shaped to bias the tip assembly in a first orientation including a curved shape spanning at least approximately three hundred and sixty degrees;
a cable, attached to the actuator and the distal end of the tip assembly, that extends through the flexible shaft, the cable being adapted to increase a radius of curvature of the curved shape in response to movement of the actuator;
at least one lumen in the flexible shaft to conduct fluid along the length of the flexible shaft;
at least one opening in the flexible shaft adapted to release fluid conducted by the at least one lumen; and
a movable electrode that is movable by a push-pull wire between a first position and a second position position on the tip assembly, the first position being spaced apart from the second position by at least three hundred and sixty degrees along the curved shape such that the movable electrode is movable to form a circular lesion;
wherein the cable and the wire extend along an entire length of the distal end of the tip assembly to a point adjacent a most distal end of the tip assembly.
2. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the wire has a radius of curvature smaller than or equal to a radius of curvature of the cable when the tip assembly is in the first orientation.
3. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the first orientation further includes a bend, proximal to the curved shape, the bend having a bias angle of ninety degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the flexible shaft.
4. The catheter of claim 3 , further comprising a second cable adapted to change an angle of the bend to an angle smaller than the bias angle in response to movement of a second actuator, wherein the second cable is disposed in an outer portion of the tip assembly with respect to the angle of the bend.
5. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein:
the first orientation includes a bend, proximal to the curved shape, the bend having a bias angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the flexible shaft; and
the catheter further comprises a second cable adapted to change an angle of the bend to an angle of ninety degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the flexible shaft in response to movement of a second actuator.
6. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the wire is formed of a nickel titanium compound.
7. The catheter of claim 6 , wherein the wire is formed of Nitinol.
8. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the proximal end of the tip assembly includes a bend of approximately ninety degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the flexible shaft, and wherein at least a portion of the curved shape of the distal end of the tip assembly is oriented in a plane that is approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the flexible shaft.
9. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the at least one opening is disposed proximal to the bend.
10. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the at least one opening is in the tip assembly.
11. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the at least one lumen comprises a lumen disposed along a central longitudinal axis of the shaft.
12. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the at least one lumen includes a lumen disposed along an axis that is offset from a central longitudinal axis of the shaft.
13. The catheter of claim 1 , further comprising a second cable anchored proximal to the tip assembly and adapted to steer the tip assembly in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft.
14. The catheter of claim 1 , further comprising a cap electrode coupled to the distal end of the tip assembly.