Thermal insulation barrier for an aircraft de-icing heater
A structure for use with an electrothermal heating element is disclosed comprising a heating element contained in a mat and heater supports attached to one surface of the mat. The heating element is disposed between the skin and internal structure of an aircraft with the heater supports disposed toward the internal structure thereof. The heater supports maintain an insulating layer of air between the mat and the internal structure of the aircraft.
1. An electrothermal heater for a skin of an aircraft, the electrothermal heater comprising:
an electrothermal heating element;
a mat encasing the electrothermal heating element, the mat comprising a first and a second sheet; and
a thermal barrier attached to the second sheet of the mat;
wherein the thermal barrier comprises a plurality of rigid support members for maintaining a layer of air between the second sheet and the aircraft.
2. The electrothermal heater of claim 1 wherein the thermal barrier is disposed adjacent to an internal structure of the aircraft and the first sheet of the mat is disposed adjacent to an inner surface of the skin of the aircraft.
3. The electrothermal heater of claim 1 wherein the electrothermal heater is disposed with the thermal barrier disposed adjacent to an exterior surface of the skin of the aircraft.
4. The electrothermal heater of claim 1 wherein the plurality of support members and the second sheet of the mat are formed from a single sheet of material.
5. The electrothermal heater of claim 1 wherein the plurality of support members comprise a plurality of columns.
6. The electrothermal heater of claim 5 wherein each of the plurality of columns have a polygonal or circular cross-section.
7. The electrothermal heater of claim 1 wherein the plurality of support members comprise a plurality of ridges extending laterally across the mat.
8. The electrothermal heater of claim 1 wherein the plurality of support members comprise a plurality of pyramids.
9. An electrothermal heater for preventing the accumulation of ice on the skin of an aircraft, the electrothermal heater comprising:
an electrothermal heating element;
a heater skin layer disposed on a first side of the electrothermal heating element;
a thermal insulation barrier layer disposed on a second side of the electrothermal heating element;
wherein the heater skin layer is a non-structural, maintainable material; and
wherein the thermal insulation barrier layer comprises a plurality of spaced-apart supports extending perpendicularly from the second side of the electrothermal heating element; and
wherein the plurality of spaced-apart supports are disposed against the skin of the aircraft to maintain a layer of air between the electrothermal heating element and the skin of the aircraft.
10. The electrothermal heater of claim 9 wherein the layer of air is substantially trapped between the skin of the aircraft and the electrothermal heating element to reduce heat transfer from the electrothermal heating element to the skin of the aircraft.
11. The electrothermal heater of claim 1 wherein the layer of air is substantially trapped between the second sheet and the aircraft.
12. The electrothermal heater of claim 9 wherein condensation on the aircraft may drain through the layer of air between the plurality of spaced-apart supports.
13. The electrothermal heater of claim 1 wherein condensation on the aircraft may drain between the plurality of rigid support members of the thermal barrier.
14. The electrothermal heater of claim 10 wherein the heater skin layer is disposed away from the skin of the aircraft.