Surge arrester

1. A surge arrester comprising:

a housing with protection against electric shock;

a voltage-limiting active part, which is arranged in the housing and has a stack of varistor elements formed as a varistor column; and

an electrical connection, which is arranged outside the housing and electrically conductively connected to the varistor column for connecting a high-voltage installation,

wherein the electrically conductive connection between the varistor column and the electrical connection is in the form of a cable conductor of a flexible high-voltage cable, the high-voltage cable having a first section arranged in the interior of the housing and formed without a shield, and a second section arranged outside the housing, having cable insulation and an electrically conductive shield that surrounds the cable conductor, and is electrically conductively connectable to the housing and to an encapsulation with protection against electric shock of the high-voltage installation, and

wherein the housing accommodates an apparatus for damping oscillations which are introduced into the varistor column from the outside.

2. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the damping apparatus has a damping body including at least one incompressible material which is deformable in rubber-like fashion, said damping body embedding the varistor column.

3. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the damping body has an insulator.

4. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 3 , wherein an electrically conductive layer kept at an electrical potential of the housing is applied to the surface of the insulator.

5. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a ring-shaped first field control element is guided at least around the first cable section or the varistor column.

6. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the first field control element contains a material formed from a polymer matrix and a filler embedded in the matrix, said material having at least a dielectric constant of between 5 and 45 or a nonlinear current-voltage characteristic during loading with an electrical DC field or an electrical AC field of up to 100 Hz.

7. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the material of the first field control element is incompressible and deformable in rubber-elastic fashion.

8. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the material of the first field control element is incompressible and deformable in rubber-elastic fashion.

9. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the first field control element is guided around the varistor column and is kept at the potential of the cable conductor embedded in the cable insulation.

10. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the first field control element is guided around the varistor column and is kept at the potential of the cable conductor embedded in the cable insulation.

11. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the first field control element is guided around the varistor column and is kept at the potential of the cable conductor embedded in the cable insulation.

12. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 9 , wherein a second field control element is provided, which is guided around the first cable section and is kept at the potential of the housing.

13. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 10 , wherein a second field control element is provided, which is guided around the first cable section and is kept at the potential of the housing.

14. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 11 , wherein a second field control element is provided, which is guided around the first cable section and is kept at the potential of the housing.

15. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the first field control element is guided around the first cable section and is kept at the potential of the housing.

16. The surge arrester as claimed claim 1 , wherein a plug-type connection is provided in the housing, said plug-type connection comprising a first plug-type contact which is electrically conductively connected to the cable conductor of the first cable section and a second plug-type contact which is electrically conductively connected to a connection fitting of the active part.

17. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the first plug-type contact or the second plug-type contact contains a contact tulip with at least one spiral contact.

18. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the varistor elements of the varistor column has a residual voltage of at least 450 V/mm when a surge current of 10 kA having the waveform 8/20 μs is applied.

19. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the high-voltage cable has a third section of the high-voltage cable, which third section is formed without a shield and is guided through the encapsulation into the interior of the high-voltage installation, which is filled with an insulating material, and the electrical connection is fitted at one free end of the third cable section and is formed as a connecting part arranged in the insulating material of the high-voltage installation.

20. The surge arrester as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electrical connection is in the form of a plug-type contact, in that the plug-type contact is part of a plug-type part of a cable plug-type connection to the high-voltage installation, said plug-type part having protection against electric shock and being kept to a potential of the housing, wherein the plug-type part has an elastically deformable insulating part, and wherein a third field control element is embedded in the insulating part, said third field control element being held to the potential of the housing and being guided in the form of a ring around a third section of the high-voltage cable, which third section is formed without a shield and is guided into the encapsulation of the high-voltage installation.