Therapeutic Compounds

1 - 19 . (canceled)

20 . A method for treating nausea or vomiting in an animal comprising administering to the animal an effective amount of a (−)-stereoisomer of formula (I):

wherein X is H or F; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.

21 . The method of claim 20 , wherein X is H.

22 . The method of claim 20 , which is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

23 . The method of claim 22 , wherein X is H.

24 . The method of claim 20 , wherein the method comprises intravenous administration.

25 . The method of claim 24 , wherein X is H.

26 . The method of claim 20 , wherein the (−)-stereoisomer of formula (I) is formulated as a lipid emulsion.

27 . A method for preventing nausea or vomiting in an animal comprising administering to the animal an effective amount of a (−)-stereoisomer of formula (I):

wherein X is H or F; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.

28 . The method of claim 27 , wherein X is H.

29 . The method of claim 27 , which is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

30 . The method of claim 29 , wherein X is H.

31 . The method of claim 27 , wherein the method comprises intravenous administration.

32 . The method of claim 31 , wherein X is H.

33 . The method of claim 27 , wherein the (−)-stereoisomer of formula (I) is formulated as a lipid emulsion.

34 . A method for promoting an antiemetic effect in an animal comprising administering to the animal an effective amount of a (−)-stereoisomer of formula (I):

wherein X is H or F; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.

35 . The method of claim 34 , wherein X is H.

36 . The method of claim 34 , which is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

37 . The method of claim 36 , wherein X is H.

38 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the method comprises intravenous administration.

39 . The method of claim 38 , wherein X is H.

40 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the (−)-stereoisomer of formula (I) is formulated as a lipid emulsion.