Metal nanoparticle compositions for reflective features
View Patent ↗A composition for the fabrication of reflective features using a direct-write tool is disclosed. The composition comprises metal nanoparticles having an average particle size less than 300 nm and which carry thereon a polymer for substantially preventing agglomeration of the nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles exhibit a metal-polymer weight ratio of 100:1 to 10:1. The composition further includes a vehicle for forming a dispersion with the metal nanoparticles. A number of electronic devices comprising a reflective layer formed from the composition are also disclosed. One example case provides an electronic device having a reflective electrode. The reflective electrode comprises a percolation network of the metal nanoparticles embedded in a matrix of the polymer and having an average particle size of less than 300 nm, wherein the reflective electrode is reflective in the visible light range and does not diffract incident light.
1. A composition for the fabrication of a reflective feature, the composition comprising:
metal nanoparticles having an average particle size less than 300 nm and which carry thereon a polymer for substantially preventing agglomeration of the nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles exhibit a metal-polymer weight ratio of 100:1 to 10:1; and
a vehicle for forming a dispersion with the metal nanoparticles, the composition being suitable for the fabrication of a reflective layer by using a direct-write tool.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the nanoparticles comprise at least one of silver, gold, copper, nickel, rhodium, palladium and platinum, and at least about 90% of the nanoparticles are of substantially spherical shape.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the nanoparticles exhibit a metal-polymer weight ratio of 30:1 to 15:1.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein at least about 80% of the nanoparticles have a particle size in the range of from about 10 nm to about 70 nm.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition further comprises an adhesion promoter.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises the metal nanoparticles in an amount greater than 50 weight percent, based on the total weight of the composition.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer comprises units of a monomer which comprises at least one heteroatom selected from O and N.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer comprises units of a monomer which comprises one or more of a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, an ether group and an amino group.
9. The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer comprises units of at least one monomer which comprises a structural element selected from —COO—, —O—CO—O—, —C—O—C—, —CO—O—CO—, —CONR—, —NR—CO—O—, —NR 1 —CO—NR 2 —, —CO—NR—CO—, —SO 2 —NR— and —SO 2 —O—, wherein R, R 1 and R 2 each independently represent hydrogen or an organic radical.
10. The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer comprises a polymer of vinyl pyrrolidone.
11. The composition of claim 10 wherein the polymer of vinyl pyrrolidone comprises a homopolymer.
12. The composition of claim 1 wherein the nanoparticles exhibit a polymer content of about 4 to about 8 weight percent.
13. The composition of claim 1 wherein the vehicle comprises from 35% to 45% by weight of ethylene glycol, from 30% to 40% by weight of ethanol and from 20% to 30% by weight of glycerol, based on total weight of the vehicle.
14. The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer is attached to the metal nanoparticles in a dative manner.
15. The composition of claim 1 wherein the metal nanoparticles have an average particle size of less than 100 nm.