Semi-interpenetrating polymer network
View Patent ↗Semi-interpenetrating polymeric networks are described. More specifically, the semi-interpenetrating polymeric networks include at least two polymers that are closely associated. The first polymer is an ionic polymer that is not crosslinked. The second polymer is a cross-linked polymer that can be either another ionic polymer or a non-ionic polymer. Methods of making the semi-interpenetrating polymeric networks, articles containing the semi-interpenetrating polymeric networks, and methods of using the semi-interpenetrating polymeric networks are also described. The semi-interpenetrating polymeric networks can function as ion exchange resins.
1. A polymeric material comprising a semi-interpenetrating polymeric network comprising:
an ionic first polymer having a first ionic group, wherein the ionic first polymer is a polymerized product of a first monomer composition comprising at least 50 weight percent of a first ionic monomer based on a total weight of monomers in the first monomer composition; and
a crosslinked second polymer prepared by free radical polymerization of a second monomer composition in the presence of the ionic first polymer, the second monomer composition comprising at least 30 weight percent of a crosslinking monomer based on a total weight of monomer in the second monomer composition,
wherein the semi-interpenetrating polymeric network is macroporous.
2. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric material comprises at least 10 weight percent of the ionic first polymer.
3. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinked second polymer has a second ionic group with a charge that is opposite that of the first ionic group.
4. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinked second polymer is non-ionic.
5. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein the semi-interpenetrating polymeric network is in the form of a bead.
6. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein the ionic first polymer comprises poly(methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride), poly(acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride), or poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride).
7. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein the ionic first polymer comprises poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) or a salt thereof.
8. A method of separating, purifying, or immobilizing an ionic material, the method comprising:
providing a semi-interpenetrating polymeric network that is macroporous, the semi-interpenetrating polymeric network comprising
an ionic first polymer having a first ionic group, wherein the ionic first polymer is a polymerized product of a first monomer composition comprising at least 50 weight percent of a first ionic monomer based on a total weight of monomers in the first monomer composition; and
a crosslinked second polymer prepared by free radical polymerization of a second monomer composition comprising at least 30 weight percent of a crosslinking monomer based on a total weight of monomer in the second monomer composition;
contacting the semi-interpenetrating polymer network with an ionic material having a charge that is opposite that of the first ionic group; and
adsorbing at least a portion of the ionic material on the semi-interpenetrating polymeric material.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising placing the semi-interpenetrating polymeric network in a column.
10. The method of claim 8 , further comprising disposing the semi-interpenetrating polymeric network on a surface of a filtration medium.
11. The method of claim 8 , further comprising incorporating the semi-interpenetrating polymeric network in a porous matrix.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the ionic material having the charge opposite that of the first ionic group is a biomolecule.
13. A method of preparing a semi-interpenetrating polymeric network, the method comprising:
forming an aqueous phase composition comprising
an ionic first polymer soluble in the aqueous phase composition, the ionic first polymer having a first ionic group, wherein the ionic first polymer is a polymerized product of a first monomer composition comprising at least 50 weight percent of a first ionic monomer based on a total weight of monomers in the first monomer composition;
a second monomer composition soluble in the aqueous phase composition and comprising at least 30 weight percent of a crosslinking monomer based on a total weight of monomer in the second monomer composition; and
an aqueous-based solvent composition;
suspending the aqueous phase composition in an organic phase comprising a non-polar organic solvent; and
polymerizing the second monomer composition in the presence of the ionic first polymer to form particles of a semi-interpenetrating polymer network, wherein the semi-interpenetrating polymeric network is macroporous.
14. An article comprising:
a porous support; and
semi-interpenetrating polymeric network particles incorporated into the porous support, on a surface of the porous support, or a combination thereof, the semi-interpenetrating polymeric network particles comprising
an ionic first polymer having a first ionic group, wherein the ionic first polymer is a polymerized product of a first monomer composition comprising at least 50 weight percent of a first ionic monomer based on a total weight of monomers in the first monomer composition; and
a crosslinked second polymer prepared by free radical polymerization of a second monomer composition in the presence of the ionic first polymer, the second monomer composition comprising at least 30 weight percent of a crosslinking monomer based on a total weight of monomer in the second monomer composition,
wherein the semi-interpenetrating polymeric network particles are macroporous.
15. The article of claim 14 , wherein the porous support is a membrane, filter medium, or porous matrix.
16. The article of claim 14 , wherein the porous support comprises a fibrillated polymer.
17. The article of claim 16 , wherein the fibrillated polymer comprises a polyolefin or polytetrafluorethylene.