PLANT GLUTAMINE PHENYLPYRUVATE TRANSAMINASE GENE AND TRANSGENIC PLANTS CARRYING SAME
The invention relates to transgenic plants exhibiting enhanced growth rates, seed and fruit yields, and overall biomass yields, as well as methods for generating growth-enhanced transgenic plants. In one embodiment, transgenic plants engineered to over-express glutamine phenylpyruvate transaminase (GPT) are provided.
1 . A transgenic plant comprising a GPT transgene operably linked to a plant promoter.
2 . The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the GPT transgene encodes a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of (a) SEQ ID NO: 2; SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 41, or SEQ ID NO: 44, and (b) an amino acid sequence that is at least 75% identical to any one of SEQ ID NO: 2; SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 41, or SEQ ID NO: 44 and has GPT activity.
3 . The transgenic plant according to claim 1 , wherein the GPT transgene is incorporated into the genome of the plant.
4 . The transgenic plant of claim 3 , further defined as a monocotyledonous plant.
5 . The transgenic plant of claim 3 , further defined as a dicotyledonous plant.
6 . A progeny of any generation of the transgenic plant of claim 3 , wherein said progeny comprises said GPT transgene.
7 . A seed of any generation of the transgenic plant of claim 3 , wherein said seed comprises said GPT transgene.
8 . The transgenic plant of claim 3 which displays one or more of the following characteristics when compared to an analogous wild-type or untransformed plant: an enhanced growth rate, increased biomass yield, increased seed yield, increased flower or flower bud yield, increased fruit or pod yield, larger leaves, increased GPT activity, increased GS activity, increased 2-oxoglutaramate levels, and/or increased nitrogen use efficiency.
9 . A method for producing a plant having enhanced growth properties relative to an analogous wild type or untransformed plant, comprising:
(a) introducing and expressing a GPT transgene into the plant; and,
(b) selecting a plant having an increased growth characteristic relative to a plant of the same species that does not comprise a GPT transgene.
10 . The method according to claim 9 , wherein the enhanced growth characteristic is selected from the group consisting of increased biomass, earlier flowering, earlier budding, increased plant height, increased flowering, increased budding, larger leaves, increased fruit or pod yield and increased seed yield.
11 . A method of producing a plant having increased nitrogen use efficiency relative to an analogous wild type or untransformed plant, comprising:
(a) introducing and expressing a GPT transgene into the plant;
(b) selecting a plant having an increased nitrogen use efficiency relative to a plant of the same species that does not comprise a GPT transgene.
12 . The method according to claim 9 , further comprising propagating a plant from the seed so selected and harvesting a seed therefrom.
13 . The transgenic plant according to claim 1 , wherein the transgenic plant is of the phylum Tracheophyta.
14 . The transgenic plant of claim 13 , wherein the transgenic plant is selected from the group consisting of fruits including apples, avocado, banana, blackberry, blueberry, cherries, cranberries, cantaloupes, grapefruit, lemons, limes, nectarines, oranges, peaches, pineapples, pears, plums, tangelos, tangerines, papaya, mango, strawberry, raspberry, grape, kiwi fruit, olives, coconuts; vegetables including brussel sprouts, radish, mung beans, carrots, sugarbeet, yams, horseradish, flax, sesame, turnip, sweet potato, cabbage, canola, cucumbers, eggplant, lettuce, onion, okra, parsnips, pumpkins and spinach; flowering plants including lily, carnation, chrysanthemum, petunia, geranium, violet, gladioli, orchid and lilac; trees including oil palm; and ornamental plants; and, canola, lupins or cotton.
15 . The transgenic plant of claim 13 , wherein the transgenic plant is selected from the group consisting of plants of the families Poaceae, Gossypium, Fabaceae, Brassicaceae, Rutaceae, Rubiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Rosaceae, Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae or Brassicaceae.
16 . The transgenic plant of claim 13 , wherein the transgenic plant is selected from the group consisting of plants of the genera Avena, Hordeum, Oryza, Panicum, Phleum, Saccharum, Secale, Sorghum, Triticum, Zea, Pennisetum, Lycopersicon, Capiscum, Fagopyrum, Triticosecale, Chenopodium, Digitaria, Manihot, Ipomoea, Olea, Daucus, Pastinaca, Raphanus, Dioscorea, Armoracia, Elaeis, Linum, Carthamus, Sesamum, Vitis , or Solanum.
17 . (canceled)
18 . (canceled)
19 . The transgenic plant according to claim 1 , wherein the transgene is inserted into the plastidic DNA of the plant.
20 . (canceled)
21 . The transgenic plant according to claim 19 , wherein the transgenic plant is selected from the group consisting of tobacco, potato, oilseed rape, rice and Arabidopsis.
22 . (canceled)
23 . A transgenic plant generated according to claim 1 with reference to any one of examples 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17.
24 . The method according to claim 11 , further comprising propagating a plant from the seed so selected and harvesting a seed therefrom.