Method and apparatus for feedback in 3D MIMO wireless systems
View Patent ↗Systems and methods provide channel state information feedback in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. A method quantizes a pre-coding matrix indicator (PMI) and feeds it back from a user equipment (UE) to an evolved Node B (eNodeB). The method may use codebooks for vector quantization of optimal horizontal direction and a scalar quantizer to quantize an optimal vertical direction from the eNodeB to a selected UE.
1. A user equipment (UE) for communication in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) network, the UE comprising:
a channel estimator to estimate channel information based on downlink reference signals received from an evolved Node B (eNodeB);
a vector quantizer to quantize a first portion of the channel information using a codebook;
a scalar quantizer to quantize a second portion of the channel information based on a vertical angle of a radio frequency (RF) beam transmitted by the eNodeB; and
a pre-coding matrix indicator (PMI) module to calculate a PMI vector based on the estimated channel information, the PMI vector comprising coefficients of linear transmit antenna weights for steering the RF beam at the eNodeB in a horizontal direction, and wherein one or more of the coefficients of the PMI vector are multiplied by a vertical phase shift parameter based on steering the RF beam at the eNodeB in to the vertical angle;
wherein the vertical phase shift parameter is of the form:
ⅇ
j
2
π
λ
d
v
cos
θ
0
,
where λ is a wavelength of the downlink reference signals, d V is a vertical distance between antennas in a two-dimensional (2D) antenna array at the eNodeB, and θ 0 is the vertical angle.
2. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the PMI vector is based on a feedback codebook for three-dimensional (3D) RF beamsteering.
3. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the channel estimator is configured to estimate a channel matrix based on the received reference signals, and wherein the PMI module is configured to calculate the PMI vector by performing singular value decomposition (SVD) on the estimated channel matrix and finding a number r of dominant eigenvectors, where the number r is a transmission rank.
4. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the PMI module is configured estimate an optimal set of the coefficients and the vertical phase shift parameter.
5. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the scalar quantizer is configured to quantize the term:
d v cos θ 0
using a scalar quantizer known to both the UE and the eNodeB.
6. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the codebook used by the vector quantizer comprises an N H transmit antenna codebook of a third generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) or LTE advance (LTE-A) network, where N H is a number of antennas arranged horizontally in a two-dimensional (2D) antenna array at the eNodeB.
7. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the UE is configured to connect to at least one of a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN), and a wireless wide area network (WWAN), and the UE includes an antenna, a touch sensitive display screen, a speaker, a microphone, a graphics processor, an application processor, internal memory, a non-volatile memory port, or combinations thereof.
8. The UE of claim 4 , wherein the PMI module is configured to perform a least squares calculation to obtain the estimate.
9. A method for channel information feedback in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) network with three-dimensional beamsteering, the method comprising:
receiving channel information from an evolved Node B (eNodeB);
calculating a first codebook index for a horizontal beamsteering portion of the channel information;
calculating a second codebook index for a vertical beamsteering portion of the channel information, wherein calculating the second codebook index comprises scalar quantization of a parameter associated with a vertical steering angle, and wherein the parameter associated with the vertical steering angle is of the form:
ⅇ
j
2
π
λ
d
v
cos
θ
0
,
where λ is wavelength of the downlink reference signals, d V is a vertical distance between antennas in a two-dimensional (2D) antenna array at the eNodeB, and θ 0 is the vertical steering angle; and
providing, as feedback, the first codebook index and the second codebook index to the eNodeB.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein calculating the first codebook index comprises vector quantization.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the vector quantization uses an N H transmit antenna codebook of a third generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) or LTE advance (LTE-A) network, where N H is a number of antennas arranged horizontally in a two-dimensional (2D) antenna array at the eNodeB using an LTE codebook.
12. The method of claim 9 , where the scalar quantization quantizes the term d v cos θ 0 .