Electrical connector with anti-arcing feature
View Patent ↗A novel connector pair suppresses arcing during connection and disconnection. In one general aspect of the invention, first and second insulating barriers are configured to extend beyond corresponding first and second contacts, the barriers being arranged to cover a leading end of at least one of the contacts, and to engage with each other when the contacts are separated by a small gap, thereby closing off substantially all through-air arcing paths between them. In another general aspect of the invention, at least one electrical contact in a connector pair is a bimetal contact having a transitional segment made from high resistivity metal. The transitional segment is configured to make first and last contact during the initial phases of mating and un-mating, thereby increasing electrical resistance and significantly lowering the electrical current and the energy available for electrical arcing.
1. An electrical connector pair, comprising:
a first connector having a first insulating housing;
a first electrical contact supported within the first insulating housing, the first electrical contact having a connecting surface that is substantially parallel with a longitudinal axis of the insulating housing and terminates in a leading end of the first electrical contact;
a second connector having a second insulating housing;
a second electrical contact supported within the second insulating housing, the second electrical contact being configured to laterally engage with the connecting surface of the first electrical contact when the first connector is mated with the second connector;
a first insulating barrier within the first connector extending beyond and covering the leading end of the first electrical contact; and
a second insulating barrier extending beyond the second electrical contact within the second connector, the second insulating barrier being configured so as to be in close proximity with the first insulating barrier when the first and second connectors are partially disconnected and the first and second electrical contacts are separated by a short distance, thereby blocking substantially all through-air arcing paths between the first and second electrical contacts.
2. The connector pair of claim 1 , further comprising a contact tensioning mechanism that presses the second electrical contact against the engaging surface of the first electrical contact when the first and second connectors are connected.
3. The connector pair of claim 2 , wherein the contact tensioning mechanism includes a spring.
4. The connector pair of claim 1 , further comprising a barrier tensioning mechanism that presses the first and second insulating barriers against each other when the first and second connectors are partially disconnected and the first and second electrical contacts are separated by a short distance.
5. The connector pair of claim 1 , wherein the first electrical contact includes a high resistance section at the leading end, the high resistance section being configured to initially engage with the second electrical contact when the first and second connectors are mated, and to make final engagement with the second electrical contact when the first and second electrical connectors unmated.
6. The connector pair of claim 5 , wherein the first electrical contact is a bi-metal contact, and the high resistance section is made of a metal having a higher resistance than other regions of the first electrical contact.
7. The connector pair of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second electrical contacts includes a terminal for crimping to a wire.
8. The connector pair of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second electrical contacts includes a terminal for soldering to a printed circuit or wiring board.
9. The connector pair of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second electrical contacts includes a terminal for soldering a wire or and electrical component to the contact.
10. The connector pair of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second electrical contacts includes a terminal using insulation displacement for attaching a wire to the contact.
11. The connector pair of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second electrical contacts includes a screw terminal for attaching a wire to the contact.
12. The connector pair of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first or second electrical contact is configured with a terminal using a spring mechanism for attaching at least one wire to the contact.
13. An electrical connector pair, comprising:
a first connector having a first insulating housing;
a first electrical contact supported within the first insulating housing;
a second connector having a second insulating housing; and
a second electrical contact supported within the second insulating housing, the second electrical contact being a bi-metal contact having an operating segment through which current flows when the connectors are fully mated, and a transitional segment through which electrical current flows exclusively during an initial phase of mating and a final stage of un-mating of the connectors, the transitional segment having a metallic composition, the transitional segment being higher in resistivity than the operating segment.
14. The connector pair of claim 13 , wherein the transitional segment is at a leading end of one of the electrical contacts.
15. The connector pair of claim 13 , further comprising a contact tensioning mechanism that presses one of the electrical contacts against the other electrical contact when the first and second connectors are connected.
16. The connector pair of claim 15 , wherein the contact tensioning mechanism includes a spring.
17. The connector pair of claim 13 , further comprising:
a first insulating barrier extending beyond the first electrical contact within the first connector; and
a second insulating barrier extending beyond and covering the leading end of the second electrical contact, the second insulating barrier being configured so as to be in close proximity with the first insulating barrier when the first and second connectors are partially disconnected and the first and second electrical contacts are separated by a short distance, thereby blocking substantially all through-air arcing paths between the first and second electrical connectors.
18. The connector pair of claim 17 , further comprising a barrier tensioning mechanism that presses the first and second insulating barriers against each other when the first and second connectors are partially disconnected and the first and second electrical contacts are separated by a short distance.