Protection of near-field communication exchanges
Techniques are disclosed for protecting communication of an NFC-enabled device by generating one or more blocking signals during an NFC data exchange. The blocking signal(s) can include a similar carrier frequency, modulation type, and/or modulation rate an NFC signal, thereby effectively masking the NFC signal. Furthermore, the blocking signal(s) can have a varying amplitude and/or length, which can further mask when an NFC signal is transmitted.
1. A transmitter for protecting a first near-field communication (NFC) signal transmitted by a mobile device, the transmitter comprising:
a first transmit circuit configured to generate the first NFC signal;
a second transmit circuit configured to:
generate a first blocking signal having a carrier frequency of the first NFC signal; and
modulate the first blocking signal with a type of amplitude modulation of the first NFC signal; and
an NFC antenna:
communicatively coupled with the first transmit circuit so as to transmit the first NFC signal, and
configured to be coupled with the mobile device; and
a second antenna:
communicatively coupled to the second transmit circuit so as to transmit the first blocking signal while the first NFC signal is transmitted, and
configured to be coupled with the mobile device.
2. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the second transmit circuit is configured to generate a second blocking signal such that the second blocking signal is transmitted while a second NFC signal is transmitted by a device other than the mobile device.
3. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the second transmit circuit is configured to generate the first blocking signal such that the first blocking signal is transmitted while a second NFC signal is transmitted by a device other than the mobile device.
4. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the second transmit circuit is configured to generate the first blocking signal such that the first blocking signal has a varying amplitude.
5. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the second transmit circuit and the second antenna are embedded within an accessory configured to be physically coupled with the mobile device.
6. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the second transmit circuit and the second antenna are embedded within the mobile device.
7. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the second antenna is a dipole antenna.
8. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the NFC antenna is configured to transmit the first NFC signal by modulating a magnetic field.
9. The transmitter of claim 1 , further comprising a detection circuit configured to detect the first NFC signal, wherein the detection circuit is coupled to the second transmit circuit such that the second transmit circuit generates the first blocking signal when the detection circuit detects the first NFC signal.
10. The transmitter of claim 9 , wherein the detection circuit is configured to detect a second NFC signal from a device other than the mobile device, and wherein the detection circuit is coupled to the second transmit circuit such that the second transmit circuit generates a second blocking signal when the detection circuit detects the second NFC signal.
11. The transmitter of claim 1 , further comprising a third antenna coupled to the second transmit circuit, wherein the second transmit circuit is configured to drive the third antenna and the second antenna with the first blocking signal in an alternating fashion.
12. The transmitter of claim 11 , wherein the second antenna is disposed perpendicular to the third antenna.
13. The transmitter of claim 1 , further comprising a pseudo-random number generator coupled to the second transmit circuit.
14. The transmitter of claim 13 , wherein the second transmit circuit is configured to modulate the first blocking signal using values from the pseudo-random number generator.
15. The transmitter of claim 13 , wherein the second transmit circuit is configured to vary an amplitude of the first blocking signal using values from the pseudo-random number generator.
16. A method of protecting near-field communication (NFC) signals, the method comprising:
generating a first NFC signal;
generating a first blocking signal at a carrier frequency of the first NFC signal generated by a mobile device such that the first blocking signal has a varying amplitude;
modulating the first blocking signal with a certain modulation having the same amplitude modulation type and modulation rate of the first NFC signal;
driving an NFC antenna coupled to the mobile device to transmit the first NFC signal; and
driving a second antenna coupled to the mobile device to transmit the modulated first blocking signal while the mobile device transmits the first NFC signal.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
detecting a second NFC signal generated by a device other than the mobile device; and
driving the second antenna with a second modulated blocking signal in response to detecting the second NFC signal.
18. The method of claim 16 , further comprising driving the second antenna the modulated first blocking signal while a second device transmits a second NFC signal.
19. A mobile device comprising:
an NFC antenna;
a signal-blocking antenna; and
a processing unit coupled to the NFC antenna and the signal-blocking antenna, the processing unit configured to perform functions including:
causing the NFC antenna to transmit an NFC signal having a carrier frequency, a modulation rate, and a modulation type;
generating a blocking signal at the carrier frequency of the NFC signal;
modulating the blocking signal with a certain modulation having the same carrier frequency, modulation rate, and modulation type as the NFC signal; and
causing the signal-blocking antenna to transmit the modulated blocking signal while the NFC antenna is transmitting the NFC signal.
20. The mobile device of claim 19 , wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the signal-blocking antenna to transmit the modulated blocking signal while the NFC antenna receives one or more NFC signals from another device.