Granted Patent
B2
US 8,642,573 · App. 13/737,535 · Granted Feb 4, 2014
Methods of treating hepatic encephalopathy
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Abstract
The application describes treatment of hepatic encephalopathy using gastrointestinal specific antibiotics. One example of a gastrointestinal specific antibiotic is rifaximin. The instant application also provides methods for determining if a subject has a neurological condition or hepatic encephalopathy by determining the critical flicker frequency and/or the venous ammonia level of the subject at two or more time points. The invention further provides methods for treating these subjects.
Claims (8)
1. A method of maintaining remission of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering between about 1000 mg to about 1200 mg rifaximin daily to the subject for a period of 12 months or longer, thereby maintaining remission of HE.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering lactulose.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is identified as being in remission from HE prior to administration of rifaximin.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein rifaximin is administered to the subject for between about 12 to about 24 months.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein rifaximin is administered to the subject until death.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is administered about 1100 mg of rifaximin per day.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein 550 mg of rifaximin is administered to the subject two times per day (BID).
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein remission is defined as a Conn score of 0 or 1.
Assignments (19)
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST
Recorded Nov 20, 2025
From: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
To: BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.
Reel/Frame 073654/0242 →
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST
Recorded Nov 20, 2025
From: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
To: ATON PHARMA, INC.; BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH & LOMB PHARMA HOLDINGS CORP.; COMMONWEALTH LABORATORIES, LLC; DOW PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, INC.; ECR PHARMACEUTICALS CO., INC.; LABORATOIRE CHAUVIN S.A.S.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ONPHARMA INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SANTARUS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; SYNERGETICS USA, INC.; TECHNOLAS PERFECT VISION GMBH; VALEANT CANADA LP; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS NORTH AMERICA LLC; WIRRA IP PTY LIMITED; VALEANT PHARMA POLAND SP. Z O.O.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS LUXEMBOURG S.A R.L.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS IRELAND LIMITED
Reel/Frame 073637/0001 →
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST
Recorded Nov 20, 2025
From: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
To: BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.
Reel/Frame 073637/0126 →
U.S. PATENT SECURITY AGREEMENT
Recorded Jun 13, 2025
From: MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ORAPHARMA, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC (F/K/A VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS NORTH AMERICA LLC); PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SANTARUS, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
Reel/Frame 071564/0463 →
U.S. PATENT SECURITY AGREEMENT
Recorded Jun 13, 2025
From: MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ORAPHARMA, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC (F/K/A VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS NORTH AMERICA LLC); PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SANTARUS, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.
To: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.
Reel/Frame 071566/0200 →
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST
Recorded Apr 8, 2025
From: BARCLAYS BANK PLC, AS COLLATERAL AGENT
To: SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH IRELAND LIMITED (F/K/A/ VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS IRELAND LIMITED); SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD; SANTARUS, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; HUMAX PHARMACEUTICAL S.A.; SOLTA MEDICAL IRELAND LIMITED; BAUSCH & LOMB MEXICO, S.A. DE C.V.; BAUSCH+LOMB OPS B.V.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH COMPANIES INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH HOLDCO LIMITED; BAUSCH HEALTH MAGYARORSZAG KFT (A/K/A BAUSCH HEALTH HUNGARY LLC); BAUSCH HEALTH POLAND SPOLKA Z OGRANICZONA ODPOWIEDZIALNOSCIA (F/K/A VALEANT PHARMA POLAND SPOLKA Z OGRANICZONA ODPOWIEDZIALNOSCIA); BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; BAUSCH HEALTH, CANADA INC. / SANTE BAUSCH, CANADA INC.; ICN POLFA RZESZOW SPOLKA AKCYJNA (A/K/A ICN POLFA RZESZOW S.A.); ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRZEDSIEBIORSTWO FARMACEUTYCZNE JELFA SPOLKA AKCYJNA (A/K/A PRZEDSIEBIORSTWO FARMACEUTYCZNE JELFA S.A.); SOLTA MEDICAL DUTCH HOLDINGS B.V.; V-BAC HOLDING CORP.; VRX HOLDCO LLC; 1261229 B.C. LTD.; 1530065 B.C. LTD.
Reel/Frame 070778/0199 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT (SECOND LIEN)
Recorded Oct 5, 2022
From: BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 061606/0468 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT (FIRST LIEN)
Recorded Oct 4, 2022
From: BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 061595/0066 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT
Recorded Feb 10, 2022
From: BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
Reel/Frame 059121/0001 →
SECURITY INTEREST
Recorded Jun 8, 2021
From: BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 056811/0814 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST
Recorded Jun 19, 2019
From: FORBES, WILLIAM; MERCHANT, KUNAL; BORTEY, ENOCH; SHAW, AUDREY
To: SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.
Reel/Frame 049516/0499 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST
Recorded Jun 19, 2019
From: SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.
To: SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Reel/Frame 049516/0683 →
SECURITY INTEREST
Recorded Mar 11, 2019
From: BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 048556/0758 →
SECURITY INTEREST
Recorded Feb 26, 2018
From: ATON PHARMA, INC.; BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH & LOMB PHARMA HOLDINGS CORP.; COMMONWEALTH LABORATORIES, LLC; DOW PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, INC.; ECR PHARMACEUTICALS CO., INC.; LABORATOIRE CHAUVIN S.A.S.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ONPHARMA INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SANTARUS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; SYNERGETICS USA, INC.; TECHNOLAS PERFECT VISION GMBH; VALEANT CANADA LP; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS NORTH AMERICA LLC; WIRRA IP PTY LIMITED; VALEANT PHARMA POLAND SP. Z O.O.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS LUXEMBOURG S.A R.L.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS IRELAND LIMITED
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 045444/0634 →
SECURITY INTEREST
Recorded Feb 26, 2018
From: ATON PHARMA, INC.; BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH & LOMB PHARMA HOLDINGS CORP.; COMMONWEALTH LABORATORIES, LLC; DOW PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, INC.; ECR PHARMACEUTICALS CO., INC.; LABORATOIRE CHAUVIN S.A.S.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ONPHARMA INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SANTARUS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; SYNERGETICS USA, INC.; TECHNOLAS PERFECT VISION GMBH; VALEANT CANADA LP; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS NORTH AMERICA LLC; WIRRA IP PTY LIMITED; VALEANT PHARMA POLAND SP. Z O.O.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS LUXEMBOURG S.A R.L.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS IRELAND LIMITED
To: BARCLAYS BANK PLC, AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 045444/0299 →
SECURITY INTEREST
Recorded Jul 19, 2017
From: SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
Reel/Frame 043041/0880 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT
Recorded Apr 2, 2015
From: GLYCYX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.
To: BARCLAYS BANK PLC, AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 035364/0396 →
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST
Recorded Apr 1, 2015
From: JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC
To: SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.
Reel/Frame 035353/0661 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT
Recorded Jan 2, 2014
From: SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.
To: JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 031896/0752 →