Pipelined analog-to-digital converter with dedicated clock cycle for quantization

1. A method comprising:

pipelining a sample sub-stage, a quantization sub-stage, and an amplification sub-stage in an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) lane of an ADC; and

assigning clock phases to the ADC lane, the clock phases comprising a sample clock phase, a quantization clock phase, and an amplification clock phase, and in which the quantization clock phase is non-overlapping with the sample clock phase and the amplification clock phase.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

generating a first, second, third, and fourth reference clock phase; and

assigning the sample clock phase, quantization clock phase, and amplification clock phase to at least three of the first, second, third, and fourth clock phases.

3. The method of claim 1 , where the ADC lane is one of multiple ADC lanes in the ADC, each ADC lane comprising a sample sub-stage, quantization sub-stage, and an amplification sub-stage; and further comprising:

generating reference clock phases for the sample sub-stages, quantization sub-stages, and amplification sub-stages in the multiple ADC lanes; and

assigning the sample clock phase, quantization clock phase, and amplification clock phase to the reference clock phases among the ADC lanes in a manner that interleaves operation of the ADC lanes.

4. The method of claim 3 , where the multiple ADC lanes comprise first, second and third ADC lanes.

5. The method of claim 4 , where the interleaved operation of the ADC lanes causes the ADC to:

during a first reference clock phase, execute the sample sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the amplification sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the quantization sub-stage in the third ADC lane;

during a second reference clock phase, execute the quantization sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the sample sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the amplification sub-stage in the third ADC lane; and

during a third reference clock phase, execute the amplification sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the quantization sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the sample sub-stage in the third ADC lane.

6. The method of claim 3 , where the multiple ADC lanes comprise first, second, third and fourth ADC lanes.

7. The method of claim 6 , where the interleaved operation of the ADC lanes causes the ADC to:

during a first reference clock phase, execute the sample sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the amplification sub-stage in the third ADC lane; and the quantization sub-stage in the fourth ADC lane;

during a second reference clock phase, execute the quantization sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the sample sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the amplification sub-stage in the fourth ADC lane;

during a third reference clock phase, execute the amplification sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the quantization sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the sample sub-stage in the third ADC lane; and

during a fourth reference clock phase, execute the amplification sub-stage in the second ADC lane; the quantization sub-stage in the third ADC lane; and the sample sub-stage in the fourth ADC lane.

8. The method of claim 3 , further comprising sharing an amplifier across the multiple lanes in a time-interleaved way for the amplification sub-stage so that only one lane engages the amplifier during any given reference clock phase.

9. A pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC) comprising:

multiple ADC lanes each comprising a sample sub-stage, a quantization sub-stage, and an amplification sub-stage pipelined together, the multiple ADC lanes located within a first stage of the pipelined ADC; and

a phase clock generator configured to assign clock phases to each ADC lane, the clock phases comprising a sample clock phase, a quantization clock phase, and an amplification clock phase, and in which the quantization clock phase is non-overlapping with the sample clock phase and the amplification clock phase.

10. The pipelined ADC of claim 9 , where the phase clock generator is further configured to:

generate a first, second, third and fourth reference phase; and

assign the sample clock phase, quantization clock phase, and amplification clock phase to at least three of the first, second, third, and fourth clock phases.

11. The pipelined ADC of claim 9 , where the phase clock generator is further configured to:

generate reference clock phases for the sample sub-stages, quantization sub-stages, and amplification sub-stages in the multiple ADC lanes; and

assign the sample clock phase, quantization clock phase, and amplification clock phase to the reference clock phases among the ADC lanes in a manner that interleaves operation of the ADC lanes.

12. The pipelined ADC of claim 11 , where the multiple ADC lanes comprise first, second and third ADC lanes.

13. The pipelined ADC of claim 12 , where in response to the interleaved operation of the phase clock generator, the ADC is configured to:

during a first reference clock phase, execute the sample sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the amplification sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the quantization sub-stage in the third ADC lane;

during a second reference clock phase, execute the quantization sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the sample sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the amplification sub-stage in the third ADC lane; and

during a third reference clock phase, execute the amplification sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the quantization sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the sample sub-stage in the third ADC lane.

14. The pipelined ADC of claim 11 , where the multiple ADC lanes comprise first, second, third and fourth ADC lanes.

15. The pipelined ADC of claim 14 , where in response to the interleaved operation of the phase clock generator, the ADC is configured to:

during a first reference clock phase, execute the sample sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the amplification sub-stage in the third ADC lane; and the quantization sub-stage in the third and fourth ADC lanes;

during a second reference clock phase, execute the quantization sub-stage in the first and fourth ADC lanes; the sample sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the amplification sub-stage in the fourth ADC lane;

during a third reference clock phase, execute the amplification sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the quantization sub-stage in the first and second ADC lanes; and the sample sub-stage in the third ADC lane; and

during a fourth reference clock phase, execute the amplification sub-stage in the second ADC lane; the quantization sub-stage in the second and third ADC lanes; and the sample sub-stage in the fourth ADC lane.

16. The pipelined ADC of claim 11 , further comprising a shared amplifier executed by the amplifier sub-stages in a time-interleaved way so that only one lane engages the amplifier at any moment in time.

17. A pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC) comprising:

a first, second and third ADC lane, each comprising a sample sub-stage, a quantization sub-stage, and an amplification sub-stage pipelined together;

a phase clock generator configured to:

assign clock phases to each ADC lane, the clock phases comprising a sample clock phase, a quantization clock phase, and an amplification clock phase, where the quantization clock phase is non-overlapping with the sample clock and the amplification clock phases;

generate reference clock phases for the sample sub-stages, quantization sub-stages, and amplification sub-stages in the multiple ADC lanes; and

assign the sample clock phase, quantization clock phase, and amplification clock phase to the reference clock phases among the ADC lanes in a manner that interleaves operation of the ADC lanes.

18. The pipelined ADC of claim 17 , where in response to the interleaved assignment of the sample clock phase, the quantization clock phase and the amplification clock phase to the reference clock phases, the ADC is configured to continuously shift operation of each sub-stage to subsequent reference clock phases in a next sequential ADC lane of the first, second and third ADC lanes.

19. The pipelined ADC of claim 17 , where in response to the interleaved operation of the phase clock generator, the ADC is configured to:

during a first reference clock phase, execute the sample sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the amplification sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the quantization sub-stage in the third ADC lane;

during a second reference clock phase, execute the quantization sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the sample sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the amplification sub-stage in the third ADC lane; and

during a third reference clock phase, execute the amplification sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the quantization sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the sample sub-stage in the third ADC lane.

20. The pipelined ADC of claim 17 , further comprising a fourth ADC lane, where the amplification sub-stage includes two residue amplifiers, a first residue amplifier shared between the first and third lanes and a second residue amplifier shared between the second and fourth lanes, where in response to the interleaved operation of the phase clock generator, the ADC is configured to:

during a first reference clock phase, execute the sample sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the amplification sub-stage in the second and third ADC lanes; and the quantization sub-stage in the fourth ADC lane;

during a second reference clock phase, execute the quantization sub-stage in the first ADC lane; the sample sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the amplification sub-stage in the third and fourth ADC lanes;

during a third reference clock phase, execute the amplification sub-stage in the first and fourth ADC lanes; the quantization sub-stage in the second ADC lane; and the sample sub-stage in the third ADC lane; and

during a fourth reference clock phase, execute the amplification sub-stage in the first and second ADC lanes; the quantization sub-stage in the third ADC lane; and the sample sub-stage in the fourth ADC lane.