Settling Chamber for Separation of Large, Plugging Particles Upstream of A Hydroclone
Evaporation technology is commonly used to to treat process waters that contain low solubility salts. The technology typically used is a brine boncentrator which uses seeded slurry techniques internal to the falling film evaporator which allows these scaling salts to co-precipitate with the seed crystals instead of scaling on the heat transfer surface. Such systems often employ hydroclones to recover and recycle seed crystals that would otherwise leave the process with the brine blowdown stream. These hydroclones (or other separation devices) often have regions of tight clearance that are susceptible to plugging which can lead to suboptimal process availability and greater maintenance obligations. The inventors have developed an apparatus called a “settling chamber” for separating large solid particles from the feed stream to the hydroclone to eliminate plugging, improve availability and reduce maintenance requirements.
1 . An apparatus for removing large solid particles from an evaporator stream being fed to a hydroclone downstream of said evaporator, comprising:
a circulating slurry comprising a brine-concentrating seed bed, and
a settling region downstream of said brine-concentrating seed bed, wherein said settling region decreases a fluid flow velocity between an evaporator and a hydroclone downstream of said evaporator, thereby removing, by gravity separation, at least a portion of solid particles flowing from said brine-concentrating seed bed to said hydroclone.
2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said settling region prevents said particles from being fed to the hydroclone.
3 . The process of claim 2 , wherein said hydroclone has an underflow, and wherein said underflow of the hydroclone is directed back to a recirculating water to maintain a circulating slurry seed bed sufficient to retard scaling of a heat transfer surface in an evaporator.
4 . The process of claim 2 wherein hydroclone has an overflow, and wherein said overflow is either discharged or directed back to the recirculation water.
5 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the settling region is a cylindrical vessel.
6 . The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the cylindrical vessel is mounted vertically.
7 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the settling region is a baffle mounted within an evaporation vessel.
8 . The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the cylindrical vessel is installed inside an evaporation vessel.
9 . The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the cylindrical vessel is installed external to the evaporation vessel
10 . The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the cylindrical vessel is installed in a line of a recirculation pump suction.
11 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the evaporator is a vertical tube falling film evaporator.
12 . A method for decreasing plugging of a hydroclone downstream of a a circulating slurry comprising a brine-concentrating seed bed serving a vertical tube falling-film evaporator, comprising:
mixing a feedstream with a brine in an evaporator;
allowing the feedstream/brine mixture to flow to a recirculation pump, where it is mixed with a hydroclone overflow and a hydroclone underflow;
pumping the feedstream/brine/overflow/underflow mixture to an evaporator, wherein at said mixture passes through a settling chamber that removes at least a portion of particles from said mixture;
distrbuting the feedstream/brine/overflow/underflow mixture over a heat transfer surface of an evaporator;
vaporizing a portion of the mixture;
sending a portion of the mixture to a hydroclone for separation into a heavy solids phase, an underflow, and an overflow; and
removing at least a portion of said heavy solids phase from said mixture.