Method and apparatus for making crystalline pet pellets
A method and apparatus for underwater pelletizing and subsequent drying of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymers and other high temperature crystallizing polymeric materials to crystallize the polymer pellets without subsequent heating. High velocity air or other inert gas is injected into the water and pellet slurry line to the dryer near the pelletizer exit. Air is injected into the slurry line at a velocity of at least about 200 m 3 /hour. Such high-speed air movement forms a vapor mist with the water and significantly increases the speed of the pellets into and out of the dryer such that the PET polymer pellets leave the dryer at a temperature sufficient to self-initiate crystallization within the pellets.
1. A method for processing PET polymers into pellets using an underwater pelletizer, which comprises:
extruding strands of PET polymer through a die plate in said underwater pelletizer;
cutting the PET polymer strands on an exit side of said die plate into pellets in a cutting chamber of said pelletizer;
transporting said PET pellets out of said pelletizer to a dryer using a water stream;
separating the pellets from the water stream using a water/solids separating device to dry the pellets, said pellets exiting said separating device at an elevated pellet temperature; and
passing the pellets at an elevated pellet temperature into and through a vibrating unit while said pellets retain sufficient internal heat to initiate crystallization of said pellets, said vibrating unit improving uniformity in the temperature and the degree of crystallization of said pellets and said pellets exiting said vibrating unit at a temperature above about 60° C.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said PET pellets exit said vibrating unit at a temperature of less than 80° C.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said PET pellets exit said dryer at a temperature above about 125° C.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein a mean temperature of the pellets exiting the water/solids separating device is above about 145° C.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the temperature of the pellets exiting the vibrating unit is between about 60° C. and about 110° C.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the elevated temperature of the pellets entering the vibrating unit is about 128° C.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said vibrating unit counters stickiness that results from the elevated pellet temperature to avoid clumping or adherence of the pellets to a surrounding wall structure.
8. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the pellets are removed from the vibrating unit at a pellet surface temperature of less than 100° C.
9. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the pellets are removed from the vibrating unit at a pellet surface temperature of less than 80° C.
10. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the vibrating unit is a vibrating conveyor.
11. A method for thermally processing polyester pellets in order to achieve partial crystallization, comprising:
feeding polyester melt to an underwater pelletizer;
pelletizing the polyester melt in the underwater pelletizer to obtain pellets;
conveying the pellets in process water from the underwater pelletizer to a water/solids separating device to dry the pellets;
feeding the dried pellets at a pellet surface temperature of greater than 100° C. to an agitation device, said agitation device carrying the pellets from the dryer to an exit of the agitation device while the pellets crystallize in said agitation device using retained heat present in the pellets; and
removing said pellets from the agitation device at a pellet surface temperature of above about 60° C.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the process water is at a temperature of less than 80° C.
13. The method as claimed in claim 11 wherein said method is effective in achieving a desired crystallinity with pellets having a weight of as little as 0.0008 g/pellet.
14. The method as claimed in claim 11 wherein a mean temperature of the pellets exiting the water/solids separating device is above about 145° C.
15. The method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the temperature of the pellets exiting the agitation device is between about 60° C. and about 110° C.
16. The method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the step of feeding the dried pellets to said agitation device includes feeding said pellets at a pellet surface temperature of about 128° C.
17. The method as claimed in claim 11 wherein said agitation device improves temperature uniformity of the pellets while also countering stickiness that results from the elevated pellet temperature to avoid clumping or adherence of the pellets to a surrounding wall structure.
18. The method as claimed in claim 11 wherein said agitation device improves uniformity in the degree of crystallization of said pellets.
19. The method as set forth in claim 11 wherein the pellets are removed from the agitation device at a pellet surface temperature of less than 100° C.
20. The method as set forth in claim 11 wherein the pellets are removed from the agitation device at a pellet surface temperature of less than 80° C.
21. The method as set forth in claim 11 wherein the agitation device is a vibrating conveyor.