Malic acid derivatives as amorphous materials for phase change ink
View Patent ↗Disclosed herein is a component that is substantially amorphous, the component comprising at least one non-ester material and at least one ester of malic acid having a formula of wherein R 1 and R 2 each, independently of the other, is an alkyl group, and further wherein the alkyl portion can be straight, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, having from 1 to about 40 carbon atoms, an substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group, and mixtures thereof.
1. A composition that is amorphous, the composition comprising:
at least one non-ester material and at least one ester of malic acid having a formula of
wherein R 1 and R 2 each, independently of the other, is an alkyl group, and further wherein the alkyl portion can be straight, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, having from 1 to about 40 carbon atoms, an substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group, and mixtures thereof, wherein the at least one non-ester material and the at least one ester of malic acid are reaction products from the malic acid and one or more alcohols;
wherein the one or more alcohols comprise benzhydrol.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the malic acid is selected from the group consisting of DL-malic acid, a D-malic acid, an L-malic acid, and mixtures thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more alcohols further comprise an alcohol selected from
and mixtures thereof.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of the one or more alcohols is from about 1 to about 5 equivalent moles based on 1 equivalent of the malic acid.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of the benzhydrol is from about 1 to about 3 equivalent moles based on 1 equivalent of the malic acid.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises:
7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the composition further comprises:
8. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the composition further comprises the following:
9. A composition that is amorphous, the composition comprising:
at least one non-ester material and at least one ester of malic acid having a formula of
wherein R 1 and R 2 each, independently of the other, is an alkyl group, and further wherein the alkyl portion can be straight, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, having from 1 to about 40 carbon atoms, an substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group, and mixtures thereof;
wherein the at least one non-ester material and the at least one ester of malic acid are reaction products from the malic acid and one or more alcohols, wherein the one or more alcohols comprise benzhydrol; and
wherein the composition has a viscosity of from about 1 to about 100 cps at a temperature from about 100° C. to about 140° C.
10. The composition of claim 9 , wherein
the one or more alcohols further comprise an alcohol selected from
and mixtures thereof.
11. A method of forming a composition, the method comprising:
selecting at least one alcohol;
reacting the at least one alcohol with a malic acid; and
controlling one or more reaction conditions to form the composition that is amorphous, wherein the composition comprises at least one non-ester material and at least one ester of malic acid having a formula of
wherein R 1 and R 2 each, independently of the other, is an alkyl group, and further wherein the alkyl portion can be straight, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, having from 1 to about 40 carbon atoms, an substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group, and mixtures thereof, wherein the at least one non-ester material and the at least one ester of malic acid are reaction products from the malic acid and one or more alcohols;
wherein the one or more alcohols comprise benzhydrol.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the controlling of the one or more reaction conditions comprises controlling an acidic condition.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the malic acid backbone is selected from the group consisting of DL-malic acid, a D-malic acid, an L-malic acid, and mixtures thereof.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the selecting of at least one alcohol comprises selecting benzhydrol.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the at least one alcohol further comprises an alcohol selected from
and mixtures thereof.
16. The method of claim 11 ,
wherein the reacting of the at least one alcohol with the malic acid comprises the following reaction: