Fluid coupling launch device

1. A launch device for a vehicle transmission comprising:

a housing

an impeller;

a turbine;

first and second clutches comprising first and second pistons, respectively, the first and second pistons sealingly engaged with one another; and,

a release spring disposed axially between the first and second pistons, wherein:

the first clutch releaseably engages the impeller with the housing;

the second clutch releaseably engages the turbine with the first piston; and,

the release spring urges the second clutch into an open position.

2. The launch device of claim 1 , wherein:

the first clutch is disposed radially outside of the second clutch; and,

at least a portion of the first piston is disposed axially between the housing and the second piston.

3. The launch device of claim 1 , wherein the first clutch is engaged by a first pressure, and the second clutch is engaged by a second pressure greater than the first pressure.

4. The launch device of claim 1 , further comprising a bearing or bushing disposed between the release spring and the second piston.

5. The launch device of claim 1 further comprising a stator disposed axially between the turbine and the impeller.

6. The launch device of claim 1 , further comprising a damper drivingly engaged with the turbine and arranged to transfer torque from the turbine to an input shaft of the vehicle transmission.

7. The launch device of claim 1 , wherein the first clutch comprises:

a clutch plate arranged for driving connection to the first piston and the impeller

wherein the release spring is compressed against the first piston by a fastener and arranged to be further compressed when acted upon by the second piston.

8. The launch device of claim 1 , further comprising a fluid chamber at least partially formed by the first and second pistons, wherein fluid pressure in the fluid chamber causes displacement of the first and second pistons to close the first and second clutches.

9. The launch device of claim 8 wherein:

the first clutch is closeable by a first pressure in the fluid chamber;

the first pressure is insufficient to close the second clutch; and,

the second clutch is closeable by a second pressure, greater than the first pressure, in the fluid chamber.

10. A launch device for a vehicle transmission comprising:

a housing

an impeller;

a turbine;

a first clutch comprising a first piston having a carrier portion;

a second clutch comprising:

a second piston; and,

first and second spacer plates; and

a release spring disposed axially between the first and second pistons;

wherein the carrier portion is drivingly engaged with the first and second spacer plates.

11. The launch device of claim 10 further comprising a seal, wherein the first piston is sealingly engaged with the second piston.

12. The launch device of claim 10 wherein the first piston includes a portion radially outward of the second piston.

13. The launch device of claim 10 , wherein the second clutch is arranged to engage the turbine with the first piston.

14. The launch device of claim 10 , wherein:

the first clutch releaseably engages the impeller with the housing;

the second clutch releaseably engages the turbine with the first piston; and,

the release spring urges the second clutch into an open position.

15. The launch device of claim 10 further comprising a stator.