Silicone copolymers with pendant alkyl radicals attached via allyl glycidyl ether and related compounds, and use thereof as stabilizers for production of flexible polyurethane foams
The present invention relates to silicone copolymers of the formula (I) which are obtained by reaction of siloxanes having SiH groups with specific compounds having one or more groups reactive toward SiH groups, especially groups having C—C multiple bonds, and optionally at least one OH group, compositions comprising these silicone copolymers, a process for producing a polyurethane foam in which an appropriate silicone copolymer or a corresponding composition is used, polyurethane foam obtainable by the process, and articles comprising or consisting of a corresponding polyurethane foam.
1. A silicone copolymer of formula (I)
where
a is 1 to 178,
b, c and d are each independently 0 to 177,
the radicals R are each independently identical or different alkyl radicals,
R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and in each occurrence is an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon radical,
R 3 is =—(CH 2 ) z —O—CH 2 —C(CH 2 CH 3 )(CH 2 OR y )—CH 2 —O—CH 2 —R 10 ,
R x in each occurrence is independently R 1 , R 2 , R 3 or R,
R y in each occurrence is independently a hydrogen radical, alkyl, acyl or a polyether moiety —(C 2 H 4 O) o —(C 3 H 6 O) p —(CH 2 —CHR′—O) q —R 4 ,
o, p and q are each independently 0 to 100 subject to the proviso that the sum total of o+p is in each case greater than 0,
R 4 in each occurrence is independently a hydrogen radical or an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a —C(O)—R′″ group where R′″=alkyl, a —CH2-O—R′ group, an alkylaryl group, or a —C(O)NH—R′ group, and R′ in each occurrence is an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl radical, aryl radical, or a halogen,
z in each occurrence is independently 2 to 4,
R 10 in each occurrence is CH═CH 2 or CH 2 —CH 2 —R 9 , and the same or different, and
R 9 in each occurrence is H or a siloxane moiety of formula (Ia)
where a to d, R, R x and R 1 to R 3 are each as defined for formula (I), e is 1 to 10,
with the proviso that the sum total a+b+c+d per unit of formula (I) or (Ia) is 38 to 178 and the sum total of the attached units of formulae (Ia) per silicone copolymer of formula (I) does not exceed three.
2. The silicone copolymer as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that z=3.
3. The silicone copolymer as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the indices a, b and c are chosen such that the proportion of R 3 radicals is 1 to 30 mol % and the proportion of total R 1 and R 2 radicals is 70 to 99 mol % based on the sum total of moles of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 radicals.
4. The silicone copolymer as claimed in claim 3 , characterized in that the indices a, b and c are chosen such that the proportion of R 3 radicals is 1 to 20 mol %, the proportion of R 1 radicals is 30 to 75 mol % and the proportion of R 2 radicals is 24 to 65 mol % based on the sum total of moles of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 radicals.
5. The silicone copolymer according to claim 1 characterized in that b and c are each independently 1 to 177 and that R 1 is a —(CH 2 ) x —O—(C 2 H 4 O) s —(C 3 H 6 O) t —(CH 2 —CHR′—O) u —R 4 moiety having an average molecular weight of 100 to 2000 g/mol and R 2 is a —(CH 2 ) y —O—(C 2 H 4 O) o —(C 3 H 6 O) p —(CH 2 —CHR′—O) q —R 4 moiety having an average molecular weight from above 2000 to 8000 g/mol; where s, t and u are each independently 0 to 100 provided that the sum total of s+t is above 0, and x and y are each independently 2 to 4.
6. A composition comprising one or more silicone copolymers according to claim 1 characterized in that the composition further comprises one or more substances usable in the production of polyurethane foams and selected from nucleating agents, cell-refining additives, cell openers, crosslinkers, emulsifiers, flame retardants, surfactants, antioxidants, antistats, biocides, color pastes, solid fillers, amine catalysts, metal catalysts and buffering substances.
7. A process for producing a polyurethane foam, comprising reacting at least one polyol, at least one isocyanate, at least one silicone copolymer according to claim 1 , a catalyst component comprising at least one urethane and/or isocyanurate catalyst, and at least one blowing agent.
8. The process as claimed in claim 7 , characterized in that the at least one blowing agent is selected from water, methylene chloride, pentane, alkanes, halogenated alkanes, acetone and carbon dioxide.
9. The process as claimed in claim 7 , characterized in that the at least one polyol is in part or exclusively based on natural raw materials.
10. The process as according to claim 7 , characterized in that the at least one catalyst component comprises tin ricinoleate, silamorpholine and/or N,N-dimethylhexadecylamine.
11. A polyurethane foam obtainable by a process as claimed claim 7 .
12. An article comprising the polyurethane foam as claimed in claim 11 .
13. The silicone copolymer according to claim 1 wherein c is 1 to 177 and each R′ is the same or different and is methyl, ethyl, decyl or phenyl.
14. The silicone copolymer according to claim 1 wherein R x is R 3 or R.
15. The silicone copolymer according to claim 1 wherein R 4 in each occurrence is H.