Chlorine dioxide precursor and methods of using same
View Patent ↗According to one aspect of the invention, a method of converting an oxy halide salt into a halide dioxide in a reaction zone under certain conditions is provided. More specifically, the method includes generating chlorine dioxide from a stable composition comprising an oxy halide salt by introducing said composition to a reducing agent and minimum temperature within the reaction zone. According to another aspect of the invention, a composition for a stable chlorine dioxide precursor comprising an oxy halide salt is provided.
1. A method for generating chlorine dioxide, said method comprising the steps of:
a) providing a single vessel;
b) blending or mixing an oxy halide salt with an acid within the single vessel to form a pre-mixed composition, wherein the acid comprises a weak acid in the range of about 5% to about 20%, more preferably about 5% to about 10%, or a strong acid in the range of about 0.1% to about 2%, more preferably about 0.2% to about 0.5%;
c) maintaining within said vessel a temperature below about 100° F, an absence of a reducing agent, or both, wherein; said pre-mixed composition is stable within the vessel and does not convert to a halide oxide;
d) dispensing the premixed, stable composition from the single vessel; and
e) introducing said pre-mixed, stable composition into a reaction zone under conditions in which all or a part of the oxy halide salt is converted into chlorine dioxide, wherein
the anion component of the oxy halide salt comprises chlorate,
and said conditions in the reaction zone comprise the presence of one or more reducing agents and a temperature greater than about 110° F.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said reaction zone is selected from the group consisting of geological material that contains one or more solid, liquid, or gaseous hydrocarbons, a hydrocarbon deposit, a petroleum deposit, a hydrocarbon or petroleum product formation, and a hydrocarbon or petroleum processing product or equipment, or combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the hydrocarbon or petroleum processing product or equipment is selected from the group consisting of one or more pieces of equipment for extracting, processing, or refining hydrocarbons, a pipeline for transporting hydrocarbons and a vessel for storage of hydrocarbons.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chlorine dioxide is sufficient to reduce, inactivate, destroy, or eliminate at least one or more reducing agents, polymers or microbes in the reaction zone.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more reducing agents are selected from the group consisting of elemental sulfur, reduced sulfur compounds, reduced metals, reduced organic compounds and mixtures thereof
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction zone has a minimum temperature of about 110° F. to about 115° F.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature greater than about 110° F. or reducing agents are introduced when the oxy halide salt enters a hydrocarbon-bearing formation.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxy halide salt is in an aqueous medium.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising heating the aqueous medium to a minimum temperature of about 110° F. to about 115° F.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the aqueous medium is blended or mixed with a free residual of chlorine dioxide in the range of about 0.02 mg/1 to about 5 mg/1, preferably in the range of about 1 mg/1 to about 2 mg/1, prior to the step of being introduced into the reaction zone.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the weak acid comprises citric, lactic, formic, oxalic, ethanoic, acetic, or propanoic acid, or a mixture of one or more of said weak acids.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the strong acid comprises hydrochloric or hydrofluoric acid.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein said vessel is selected from the group consisting of a tank, receptacle, reservoir and container containing said premixed, stable composition.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of transporting said pre-mixed, stable composition to a location near the reaction zone before or after step (d).
15. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of filling a storage container with the pre-mixed, stable composition for future use after step (d).
16. A composition for generating chlorine dioxide comprising:
a pre-mixed, stable combination comprising an oxy halide salt, the anion component of the oxy halide salt comprising chlorate, and an acid selected from the group comprising a weak acid in the range of about 5% to about 20%, more preferably about 5% to about 10%, and a strong acid in the range of about 0.1% to about 2%, more preferably about 0.2% to about 0.5%, said combination excluding chlorine dioxide and stored in the absence of a reducing agent, or at a temperature below about 100° F., or both;
wherein the pre-mixed composition generates chlorine dioxide when introduced to or in the presence of one or more reducing agents in combination with a temperature greater than about 110° F.
17. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the weak acid comprises citric, lactic, formic, oxalic, ethanoic, acetic, or propanoic acid, or a mixture of one or more of said weak acids.
18. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the strong acid comprises hydrochloric or hydrofluoric acid.
19. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the one or more reducing agents are selected from the group consisting of elemental sulfur, reduced sulfur compounds, reduced metals, reduced organic compounds and mixtures thereof.
20. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the oxy halide salt is in an aqueous medium.
21. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the composition further comprises a chelating, a wetting agent or a mixture thereof.
22. A vessel containing the stable composition of claim 16 , wherein said vessel is selected from the group consisting of a tank, receptacle, reservoir and container.
23. A stable, aqueous solution comprising pre-mixed solution of an alkaline metal oxy halide salt, a weak acid and water, said solution stored at a temperature below about 100° F., or in the absence of a reducing agent, or both; wherein
the concentration of the alkaline metal oxy halide salt is between about 5% and 40%, the concentration of the weak acid is between about 5% and 20%, the concentration of chlorine dioxide within the solution is undetectable and the anion component of the oxy halide salt comprises chlorate;
and wherein the pre-mixed, stable solution forms chlorine dioxide when introduced to one or more reducing agents in combination with a temperature greater than about 110° F.
24. The solution of claim 23 , wherein the one or more reducing agents are selected from the group consisting of elemental sulfur, reduced sulfur compounds, reduced metals, reduced organic compounds and mixtures thereof
25. The solution of claim 24 , wherein the reduced metal comprises Fe(II).
26. The solution of claim 23 , wherein the temperature greater than about 110° F. and reducing agents are introduced when the stable solution enters or comes in contact with a geological material comprising one or more solid, liquid, or gaseous hydrocarbons, a hydrocarbon deposit, a petroleum deposit, a hydrocarbon or petroleum product formation, or a hydrocarbon or petroleum processing product or equipment.
27. A vessel containing the stable solution of claim 23 , wherein said vessel is selected from the group consisting of a tank, receptacle, reservoir and container.