Granted Patent B2

US 9,693,714 · App. 13/761,839 · Granted Jul 4, 2017

Abstract

Claims (37)

1. A method of controlling an optical sensor, the method comprising:

(a) wirelessly receiving, using an inductive element and an input/output circuit of the optical sensor, a measurement command and power, wherein the input/output circuit is fabricated in a semiconductor substrate of the optical sensor;

(b) following receipt of the measurement command, using a measurement controller fabricated in the semiconductor substrate to turn a light source of the optical sensor on and off one or more times, wherein the light source is configured to, when turned on, irradiate indicator molecules having an optical characteristic responsive to a concentration of an analyte with excitation light, the indicator molecules being configured to interact with the analyte in a medium within a living animal;

(c) while the light source is turned on, using the measurement controller to:

(i) control a temperature transducer mounted on or fabricated in the semiconductor substrate to generate a first analog temperature measurement signal indicative of a temperature of the optical sensor;

(ii) control a first photodetector mounted on or fabricated in the semiconductor substrate to generate a first analog light measurement signal indicative of the amount of light received by the first photodetector, wherein the light received by the first photodetector includes light emitted by the indicator molecules;

(iii) control a second photodetector mounted on or fabricated in the semiconductor substrate to generate a second analog light measurement signal indicative of the amount of light received by the second photodetector; and

(iv) control a comparator fabricated in the semiconductor substrate to generate an analog light difference measurement signal indicative of a difference between the first and second analog light measurement signals; and

(d) while the light source is turned off, using the measurement controller to:

(i) control the temperature transducer to generate a second analog temperature measurement signal indicative of a temperature of the optical sensor;

(ii) control the first photodetector to generate a first analog ambient light measurement signal indicative of the amount of light received by the first photodetector; and

(iii) control the second photodetector to generate a second analog ambient light measurement signal indicative of the amount of light received by the second photodetector;

(e) while the light source is turned on or turned off, using the measurement controller to:

(i) control an analog to digital converter (ADC) fabricated in the semiconductor substrate to convert the first analog temperature measurement signal to a first digital temperature measurement signal;

(ii) control the ADC to convert the first analog light measurement signal to a first digital light measurement signal;

(iii) control the ADC to convert the second analog light measurement signal to a second digital light measurement signal;

(iv) control the ADC to convert the analog light difference measurement signal to a digital light difference measurement signal;

(v) control the ADC to convert the second analog temperature measurement signal to a second digital temperature measurement signal;

(vi) control the ADC to convert the first ambient analog light measurement signal to a first digital ambient light measurement signal; and

(vii) control the ADC to convert the second analog ambient light measurement signal to a second digital ambient light measurement signal; and

(f) transmitting, using the input/output circuit and the inductive element, (i) the first digital temperature measurement signal, (ii) the first digital light measurement signal, (iii) the second digital light measurement signal, (iv) the digital light difference measurement signal, (v) the second digital temperature measurement signal, (vi) the first digital ambient light measurement signal and (vii) the second digital ambient light measurement signal.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the optical sensor is a chemical or biochemical sensor.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

reading calibration information stored in a nonvolatile storage medium fabricated in the semiconductor substrate; and

controlling the light source in accordance with the calibration information.

4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising transmitting, using the input/output circuit and inductive element, identification information stored in a nonvolatile storage medium fabricated in the semiconductor substrate.

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising using a field strength measurement circuit to determine whether a current produced from the wirelessly received power is above a threshold.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the indicator molecules are signal channel indicator molecules, and the method further comprises:

irradiating the signal channel indicator molecules and reference channel indicator molecules of the optical sensor with excitation light emitted by the light source when turned on, wherein the reference channel indicator molecules are configured to not interact with the analyte in the medium within the living animal;

receiving, by the first photodetector, light emitted by the signal channel indicator molecules; and

receiving, by the second photodetector, light emitted by the reference channel indicator molecules.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the living animal is a living human being.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the medium is interstitial fluid.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the analyte is glucose.

10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the analyte is oxygen.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the medium is blood.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the indicator molecules are fluorescent indicator molecules.

Assignments (12)