Conversion of plastics to olefin and aromatic products
A catalyst composition useful for producing olefins and aromatic compounds from a feedstock is formed from a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst and a ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, wherein the amount of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst makes up from 10 wt. % or more by total weight of the FCC catalyst and the ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst. The catalyst composition may be used in a method of producing olefins and aromatic compounds from a feedstock by introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock and the catalyst composition within a reactor, at least a portion of the reactor being at a reactor temperature of 550° C. or higher. The feedstock and catalyst composition are introduced into the reactor at a catalyst-to-feed (C/F) ratio of from 6 or greater.
1. A method of producing olefins and aromatic compounds from a feedstock, the method comprising:
contacting a plastic feedstock and a catalyst composition at a temperature of 550° C. or higher, the catalyst composition comprising a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst and a ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, wherein the amount of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst makes up at least 10 wt. % of the total weight of the FCC catalyst and the ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, the feedstock and the catalyst composition being at a catalyst-to-feed ratio of from 6 or greater; and
allowing at least a portion of the feedstock to be converted to at least one of olefins and aromatic compounds.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the FCC catalyst is comprised of at least one of an X-zeolite, a Y-zeolite, a USY-zeolite, mordenite, faujasite, nano-crystalline zeolites, MCM mesoporous materials, SBA-15, a silico-alumino phosphate, a gallophosphate, and a titanophosphate.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the FCC catalyst is comprised of at least one of a Y-zeolite and a USY-zeolite embedded in a matrix, the FCC catalyst having a total surface area of from 100 m 2 /g to 400 m 2 /g, coke deposition in an amount of from 0 to 0.5% by weight.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the FCC catalyst is a non-fresh FCC catalyst having from greater than 0 to 0.5% by weight of coke deposition.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein:
the FCC catalyst has a total surface area of from 100 m 2 /g to 200 m 2 /g.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the amount of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst of the catalyst composition makes up from 10 wt. % to 50 wt. % by total weight of the FCC catalyst and the ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the amount of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst of the catalyst composition makes up from 30 wt. % to 45 wt. % of the total weight of the FCC catalyst and the ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the feedstock and the catalyst composition are contacted at a temperature of 570° C. to 730° C.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the feedstock and the catalyst composition are at a catalyst-to-feed ratio of from 8 or greater.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the plastic feedstock comprises at least one of polyolefins, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyester, natural and synthetic rubber, tires, filled polymers, composites, plastic alloys, and plastics dissolved in a solvent.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the plastic feedstock and the catalyst composition are contacted in a reactor that is at least one of a fluidized bed reactor, bubbling bed reactor, slurry reactor, rotating kiln reactor, and packed bed reactor.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the FCC catalyst is a non-fresh FCC catalyst having from 0.2% to 0.5% by weight of coke deposition.
13. A method of producing olefins and aromatic compounds from a feedstock, the method comprising:
contacting a plastic feedstock and a catalyst composition at a temperature of 550° C. or higher, the catalyst composition comprising a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst and a ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, wherein the amount of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst makes up at least 10 wt. % of the total weight of the FCC catalyst and the ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, the FCC catalyst being a non-fresh FCC catalyst having from greater than 0 to 0.5% by weight of coke deposition and having a total surface area of from 100 m 2 /g to 400 m 2 /g, the feedstock and the catalyst composition being at a catalyst-to-feed ratio of from 6 or greater; and
allowing at least a portion of the feedstock to be converted to at least one of olefins and aromatic compounds.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the FCC catalyst is comprised of at least one of an X-zeolite, a Y-zeolite, a USY-zeolite, mordenite, faujasite, nano-crystalline zeolites, MCM mesoporous materials, SBA-15, a silico-alumino phosphate, a gallophosphate, and a titanophosphate.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the FCC catalyst is comprised of at least one of a Y-zeolite and a USY-zeolite embedded in a matrix.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the FCC catalyst is a non-fresh FCC catalyst having from 0.2% to 0.5% by weight of coke deposition.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein:
the FCC catalyst has a total surface area of from 100 m 2 /g to 200 m 2 /g.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the amount of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst of the catalyst composition makes up from 10 wt. % to 50 wt. % by total weight of the FCC catalyst and the ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst.
19. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the amount of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst of the catalyst composition makes up from 30 wt. % to 45 wt. % of the total weight of the FCC catalyst and the ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst.
20. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the feedstock is a plastic feedstock that comprises at least one of polyolefins, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyester, natural and synthetic rubber, tires, filled polymers, composites, plastic alloys, and plastics dissolved in a solvent.
21. A method of producing olefins and aromatic compounds from a feedstock, the method comprising:
contacting a plastic feedstock and a catalyst composition at a temperature of 550° C. or higher, the catalyst composition comprising a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst and a ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, wherein the amount of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst makes from 10 wt. % to 50 wt. % of the total weight of the FCC catalyst and the ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, the FCC catalyst being a non-fresh FCC catalyst having from 0.2% to 0.5% by weight of coke deposition and having a total surface area of from 100 m 2 /g to 200 m 2 /g, the feedstock and the catalyst composition being at a catalyst-to-feed ratio of from 6 or greater; and
allowing at least a portion of the feedstock to be converted to at least one of olefins and aromatic compounds.