Interbody spinal implant having a roughened surface topography on one or more internal surfaces
Interbody spinal implants comprise internal sidewalls having a roughened surface topography. The internal sidewalls may be those that surround a substantially hollow implant center, including the sidewalls of a vertical aperture and sidewalls of a transverse aperture. The roughened surface topography comprises macro, micro, and nano features that comprise an amplitude, a peak to valley height, and spacing.
1. An interbody spinal implant, comprising:
a titanium or titanium alloy body having a top surface, a bottom surface, sides, and at least one aperture extending from the top surface to the bottom surface; and
internal surfaces having a roughened, irregular surface topography lacking symmetry, facilitating osseointegration and cellular attachment and osteoblast maturation, and including (a) macro-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 40 microns to about 500 microns, (b) micro-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 2 microns to about 40 microns, and (c) nano-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 0.05 microns to about 5 microns, the three types of structural features overlapping.
2. The interbody spinal implant of claim 1 , wherein the body further has at least one transverse aperture through each of the sides, and the transverse aperture comprises sidewalls comprising a roughened, irregular surface topography comprising micro-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 2 microns to about 40 microns and nano-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 0.05 microns to about 5 microns.
3. The interbody spinal implant of claim 1 , wherein the body further has a rear wall comprising an internal surface comprising a roughened, irregular surface topography comprising micro-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 2 microns to about 40 microns and nano-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 0.05 microns to about 5 microns.
4. The interbody spinal implant of claim 1 , wherein the macro-scale structural features further have an amplitude of about 20 microns to about 200 microns from a peak to a mean line, and a spacing of about 400 microns to about 2000 microns between the macro-scale structural features.
5. The interbody spinal implant of claim 1 , wherein the micro-scale structural features further comprise an amplitude of about 1 micron to about 20 microns from a peak to a mean line and a spacing of about 20 microns to about 400 microns between the micro-scale structural features.
6. The interbody spinal implant of claim 1 , wherein the nano-scale structural features further comprise an amplitude of about 0.01 microns to about 1 micron from a peak to a mean line and a spacing of about 0.1 microns to about 30 microns between the nano-scale structural features.
7. The interbody spinal implant of claim 6 , wherein the spacing is about 0.5 microns to about 20 microns between nano-scale structural features.
8. The interbody spinal implant of claim 1 , further comprising bone graft material disposed in the at least one aperture.
9. The interbody spinal implant of claim 1 , wherein the body is generally oval-shaped in transverse cross section.
10. The interbody spinal implant of claim 1 , wherein the body is generally rectangular-shaped in transverse cross section.
11. The interbody spinal implant of claim 1 , wherein the body is generally curved-shaped in transverse cross section.
12. The interbody spinal implant of claim 1 , wherein the at least one aperture is a single vertical aperture extending from the top surface to the bottom surface.
13. The interbody spinal implant of claim 12 , wherein the single vertical aperture of the body has maximum width at its center and defines a transverse rim on the top surface and on the bottom surface, the transverse rim having a posterior thickness greater than an anterior thickness and having a blunt and radiused portion along the top of the sides.
14. The interbody spinal implant of claim 13 , wherein the portion of the transverse rim that is not blunt and radiused has a roughened surface topography and wherein the blunt and radiused portion does not have any roughened surface topography.
15. An interbody spinal implant, comprising:
a titanium or titanium alloy body having a top surface, a bottom surface, sides, and at least one aperture extending from the top surface to the bottom surface; and
internal surfaces having a roughened, irregular surface topography lacking symmetry, facilitating osseointegration and cellular attachment and osteoblast maturation, and including (a) macro-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 40 microns to about 500 microns, an amplitude of about 20 microns to about 200 microns from a peak to a mean line, and a spacing of about 20 microns to about 400 microns, (b) micro-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 2 microns to about 40 microns, an amplitude of about 1 micron to about 20 microns from a peak to a mean line, and a spacing of about 20 microns to about 400 microns, and (c) nano-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 0.05 microns to about 5 microns, an amplitude of about 0.01 microns to about 1 micron from a peak to a mean line, and a spacing of about 0.1 microns to about 30 microns, the three types of structural features overlapping.
16. The interbody spinal implant of claim 15 , wherein the body further has at least one transverse aperture through each of the sides, and the transverse aperture comprises sidewalls comprising a roughened, irregular surface topography comprising micro-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 2 microns to about 40 microns and nano-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 0.05 microns to about 5 microns.
17. The interbody spinal implant of claim 15 , wherein the body further has a rear wall comprising an internal surface comprising a roughened, irregular surface topography comprising micro-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 2 microns to about 40 microns and nano-scale structural features having a maximum peak-to-valley height of about 0.05 microns to about 5 microns.
18. The interbody spinal implant of claim 15 , further comprising bone graft material disposed in the at least one aperture.
19. The interbody spinal implant of claim 15 , wherein the spacing is about 0.5 microns to about 20 microns between the nano-scale structural features.
20. The interbody spinal implant of claim 15 , wherein the at least one aperture is a single vertical aperture extending from the top surface to the bottom surface, having a maximum width at its center, and defining a transverse rim on the top surface and on the bottom surface, the transverse rim having a posterior thickness greater than an anterior thickness and having a blunt and radiused portion along the top of the sides, wherein the portion of the transverse rim that is not blunt and radiused has a roughened surface topography and wherein the blunt and radiused portion does not have any roughened surface topography.