Enzymatic modification of oil
The disclosed subject matter relates generally to a method for modifying oil, and specifically to a process for increasing the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acid in an oil composition.
1. A modified fish oil prepared by a process comprising:
a) contacting the fish oil with an aqueous solution of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase at a time and temperature sufficient to hydrolyze at least a portion of the glyceride and thereby provide a composition comprising a free saturated fatty acid fraction and a hydrolyzed glyceride fraction;
b) separating at least a portion of the free saturated fatty acid fraction from the hydrolyzed glyceride fraction; and
c) esterifying, in the presence of a second lipase, the hydrolyzed glyceride fraction from step b) with a polyunsaturated fatty acid and ethyl ester thereof.
2. The modified fish oil of claim 1 , wherein the second lipase comprises Candida antarctica lipase B.
3. The modified fish oil of claim 1 , wherein the fish oil of step a) is selected from the group consisting of Atlantic fish oil, Pacific fish oil, Mediterranean fish oil, light pressed fish oil, alkaline treated fish oil, heat treated fish oil, light and heavy brown fish oil, tuna oil, bonito oil, sea bass oil, halibut oil, spearfish oil, barracuda oil, cod oil, menhaden oil, sardine oil, pilchard oil, anchovy oil, capelin oil, Atlantic cod oil, Atlantic herring oil, Atlantic mackerel oil, Atlantic menhaden oil, salmon oil, and combination thereof.
4. The modified fish oil of claim 1 , wherein the glyceride, after step c), comprises a higher concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acid than the fish oil of step a).
5. The modified fish oil of claim 1 , wherein the modified fish oil comprises greater than about 40% omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, from about 18% to about 45% saturated fatty acids, from about 1% to about 15% C18:1 fatty acid, from about 0% to about 10% C16:1 fatty acid, and from about 60% to about 80% of triglycerides, based on the total weight of the oil, and wherein the oil has an EPA/DHA ratio of less than about 1:40.
6. The modified fish of claim 1 , wherein the modified fish oil comprises from about 22% to about 25% saturated fatty acid, based on the total weight of the oil.
7. The modified fish of claim 1 , wherein the modified fish oil comprises from about 1% to about 6% C18:1 fatty acid, based on the total weight of the oil.
8. The modified fish of claim 1 , wherein the modified fish oil comprises from about 6% to about 15% C18:1 fatty acid, based on the total weight of the oil.
9. The modified fish of claim 1 , wherein the modified fish oil comprises from about 0% to about 7% C16:1 fatty acid, based on the total weight of the oil.
10. The modified fish of claim 1 , wherein the modified fish oil comprises from about 5% to about 10% C16:1 fatty acid, based on the total weight of the oil.
11. The modified fish of claim 1 , wherein the modified fish oil has an EPA/DHA ratio of less than about 1:15.