Recombinant bacteriophage and methods for their use
Recombinant P4 bacteriophage containing modified tail fibers having a base plate attachment region (BPAR) from a P2 bacteriophage gene H product and a heterologous receptor binding domain (RBD) are disclosed. Methods for the use of the recombinant P4 bacteriophage, such as to detect the presence of a target bacterium in a sample, are also described.
1. A mixture of:
a first recombinant P4 bacteriophage comprising, a recombinant P4 bacteriophage genome comprising a first engineered tail fiber gene, wherein the engineered tail fiber gene comprises a polynucleotide encoding a base plate attachment region (BPAR) of P2 phage, wherein the BPAR comprises amino acids 1-157 or 1-158 of the P2 bacteriophage gene H product, and a heterologous polynucleotide encoding a receptor binding domain (RBD); and a second engineered tail fiber gene, and wherein the second engineered tail fiber gene comprises a polynucleotide encoding a base plate attachment region (BPAR) of a P2 phage, wherein the BPAR comprises amino acids 1-157 or 1-158 of the P2 bacteriophage gene H product, and a second, different, heterologous polynucleotide encoding a receptor binding domain (RBD), wherein the second engineered tail fiber encoded thereby has a different binding specificity than the first engineered tail fiber, and
a second recombinant P4 bacteriophage comprising, a recombinant P4 bacteriophage genome comprising a third engineered tail fiber gene, wherein the engineered tail fiber gene comprises a polynucleotide encoding a base plate attachment region (BPAR) of P2 phage, wherein the BPAR comprises amino acids 1-157 or 1-158 of the P2 bacteriophage gene H product, and a third heterologous polynucleotide encoding a receptor binding domain (RBD); and a fourth engineered tail fiber gene, and wherein the fourth engineered tail fiber gene comprises a polynucleotide encoding a base plate attachment region (BPAR) of a P2 phage, wherein the BPAR comprises amino acids 1-157 or 1-158 of the P2 bacteriophage gene H product, and a fourth, different, heterologous polynucleotide encoding a receptor binding domain (RBD), wherein the fourth engineered tail fiber encoded thereby has a different binding specificity than the third engineered tail fiber,
wherein the third and fourth engineered tail fibers of the second bacteriophage comprise RBDs with different binding specificities than the RBDs of the first bacteriophage.
2. A bacteriophage library comprising a plurality of recombinant P4 bacteriophage members of claim 1 .
3. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or second recombinant P4 bacteriophage further comprises an antibiotic resistance gene.
4. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the BPAR of the first, second, third, and/or fourth engineered tail fiber comprises amino acids 1-158 of the P2 bacteriophage gene H product.
5. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the heterologous polynucleotide of the first, second, third, and/or fourth engineered tail fiber gene is from an L-413c, PS 17, BPP-1, CTX, VHML, CUS3, epsilon 15 HK620, sf6, ST64T, phiV10 phage, or encodes a tail spike-like protein.
6. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or second recombinant P4 bacteriophage binds more than one targeted receptor.
7. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the receptor binding domain of the first, second, third, or fourth engineered tail fiber is a protein that binds and degrades cell surface structures.
8. The mixture of claim 7 , wherein the protein that binds and degrades cell surface structures is an enzyme.
9. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or second recombinant P4 bacteriophage further comprises another protein available for screening or selection.
10. A bacteriophage library comprising a plurality of recombinant P4 bacteriophage members, wherein each member comprises a recombinant P4 bacteriophage genome comprising a first engineered tail fiber gene, wherein the engineered tail fiber gene comprises a polynucleotide encoding a BPAR of P2 phage, wherein the BPAR comprises amino acids 1-157 or 1-158 of the P2 bacteriophage gene H product, and a heterologous polynucleotide; and a second engineered tail fiber gene, and wherein the second engineered tail fiber gene comprises a polynucleotide encoding a BPAR of a P2 phage, wherein the BPAR comprises amino acids 1-157 or 1-158 of the P2 bacteriophage gene H product, and a second, different, heterologous polynucleotide.
11. The library of claim 10 , wherein the members further comprise an antibiotic resistance gene.
12. The library of claim 10 , wherein the BPAR of the first and/or second engineered tail fiber comprises amino acids 1 -1-158 of the P2 bacteriophage gene H product.
13. The library of claim 10 , wherein the heterologous polynucleotide of the first and/or second engineered tail fiber gene is from an L-413c, PS 17, BPP-1, CTX, VHML, CUS3, epsilon 15 HK620, sf6, ST64T, phiV10 phage, or encodes a tail spike-like protein.
14. The library of claim 10 , wherein the heterologous polynucleotide of the first and/or second engineered tail fiber gene encodes an RBD.
15. The library of claim 10 , wherein the heterologous polynucleotide of the first engineered tail fiber gene encodes an RBD and the heterologous polynucleotide of the second engineered tail fiber encodes a RBD, wherein the second engineered tail fiber encoded thereby has a different binding specificity than the first engineered tail fiber.
16. The library of claim 10 , wherein the recombinant P4 bacteriophage members bind more than one targeted receptor.
17. The library of claim 10 , wherein the receptor binding domain of the first and/or second engineered tail fiber is a protein that binds and degrades cell surface structures.
18. The library of claim 17 , wherein the protein that binds and degrades cell surface structures is an enzyme.
19. The library of claim 10 , wherein the members further comprise another protein available for screening or selection.
20. A method for detecting two or more target bacteria in a sample comprising,
contacting a sample suspected of containing two or more target bacteria with the mixture of claim 1 , wherein the receptor binding domain of the first recombinant bacteriophage binds to a first target bacterium, and wherein the receptor binding domain of the second recombinant bacteriophage binds to a second target bacterium, and wherein the first and second recombinant bacteriophage further comprise a gene encoding resistance to an antibiotic to which the target bacteria are sensitive;
culturing the sample and the first and second recombinant bacteriophage; and detecting the presence of the two or more target bacteria in the sample by detection of growth of the two or more target bacteria in the presence of the antibiotic.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the first recombinant bacteriophage comprises a first gene encoding resistance to a first antibiotic to which a first target bacterium is sensitive, and the second recombinant bacteriophage comprises a second, different gene encoding resistance to a second antibiotic to which a second target bacterium is sensitive.