Method for production of n-propanol and other C3-carbon containing products from syngas by symbiotic arrangement of C1-fixing and C3-producing anaerobic microorganism cultures
This invention provides methods and systems for the production of propanol. Specifically, the methods and systems of the present invention use symbiotic arrangement of anaerobic microorganism cultures for the production of propanol from syngas.
1 . A method for producing propanol comprising:
a) exposing gaseous substrates selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen or combinations thereof to a C1-fixing microorganism, in a first fermentation zone, under conditions effective to convert the gaseous substrate into ethanol or acetate; and,
b) passing ethanol and/or acetate from step a) to a C3-producing microorganism, in a second fermentation zone, under conditions effective to convert the ethanol and/or acetate to propionate and/or propanol.
2 . The method of claim 1 wherein the C1-fixing microorganism is a solventogenic acetogen, using the acetyl-CoA pathway.
3 . The method of claim 1 wherein the C1-fixing microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Clostridium coskatii, Clostridium ljungdahlii, Clostridium authoethanogenium, Clostridium ragsdalei, Alkalibaculum bacchi, Clostridium thermoaceticum , and Clostridium aceticum.
4 . The method of claim 1 wherein the C3-producing microorganism is a propionogen.
5 . The method of claim 4 wherein the propionogen uses the lactate-acrylate pathway for the production of propionate.
6 . The method of claim 4 wherein the propionogen uses the methylmalonyl-succinate pathway for the production of propionate.
7 . The method of claim 1 wherein the C3-producing microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Clostridium neopropionicum, Clostridium propionicum, Pelobacter propionicus, Desulfobulbus propionicus, Syntrophobacter wolinii, Syntrophobacter pfennigii, Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans, Syntrophobacter sulfatireducens, Smithella propionica, Desulfotomaculum thermobenzoicum subspecies thermosyntrophicum, Pelotomaculum thermopropionicum , and Pelotomaculum schinkii.
8 . The method of claim 1 wherein propanol is produced by passing at least a portion of the propionate from the C3-producing microorganism in the second fermentation zone to the C1-fixing microorganism in the first fermentation zone under conditions effective to produce propanol.
9 . The method of claim 1 wherein the gaseous substrate is syngas.
10 . The method of claim 1 wherein the pH of the C1-fixing microorganism in the first fermentation zone and the C3-producing microorganism in the second fermentation zone are maintained between about 5.0 to 7.0.
11 . The method of claim 1 wherein the C1-fixing microorganism is maintained under planktonic conditions and the C3-fixing microorganism is maintained as cells fixed on a support.
12 . The method of claim 1 wherein the C3-fixing microorganism is maintained under planktonic conditions and the C1-fixing microorganism is maintained as cells fixed on a support.
13 . The method of claim 11 and 12 wherein the support for the cells comprises a membrane defining pores that retain the cell therein.
14 . The method of claim 1 wherein the conditions effective to produce the propionate from ethanol and/or acetate with the C3-producing microorganism include exposing the C3-producing microorganism to syngas, at least containing carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
15 . The method of claim 14 wherein the carbon dioxide and hydrogen is produced by the exposure of the C1-fixing microorganism to the gaseous substrate.
16 . An anaerobic symbiotic system for conversion of syngas to propanol and/or propionic acid, the system comprising syngas, culture media, a C1-fixing microorganism in a first fermentation zone, a C3-producing microorganism in a second fermentation zone, a CO 2 and H 2 source and a transfer conduit for exchanging culture media between the C1-fixing microorganism in the first fermentation zone and the C3-producing microorganism in the second fermentation zone.
17 . The anaerobic symbiotic system of claim 16 wherein the C1-fixing microorganism is a solventogenic acetogen, using the acetyl-CoA pathway.
18 . The anaerobic symbiotic system of claim 16 wherein the C1-fixing microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Clostridium Coskatii, Clostridium ljungdahlii, Clostridium authoethanogenium , and Clostridium ragsdalei and Alkalibaculum bacchi, Clostridium thermoaceticum , and Clostridium aceticum.
19 . The anaerobic symbiotic system of claim 16 wherein the C3-producing microorganism is a propionogen.
20 . The anaerobic symbiotic system of claim 16 wherein the C3-producing microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Clostridium neopropionicum, Pelobacter propinoicus and Desulfobulbus propionicus, Syntrophobacter wolinii, Syntrophobacter pfennigii, Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans, Syntrophobacter sulfatireducens, Smithella propionica, Desulfotomaculum thermobenzoicum subspecies thermosyntrophicum, Pelotomaculum thermopropionicum , and Pelotomaculum schinkii.
21 . The anaerobic symbiotic system of claim 19 wherein the propionogen uses the lactate-acrylate pathway for the production of propionate.
22 . The anaerobic symbiotic system of claim 19 wherein the propionogen uses the methylmalonyl-succinate pathway for the production of propionate.
23 . The anaerobic symbiotic system of claim 16 wherein the pH of the culture media is maintained between about 5.0 to about 7.0.