METHOD FOR PROTECTING A COMPONENT OF A HYDRAULIC MACHINE AGAINST EROSION, COMPONENT MANUFACTURING USING THIS METHOD AND INSTALLATION COMPRISING SUCH COMPONENT
A method for protecting a component of a hydraulic machine against erosion comprises steps involving preparing, in the flat state, several sheets of polymerised synthetic material, in applying a coat of adhesive to one side of each sheet 300 and in laying the sheets on the surface of the component that is to be covered with the layer of coating.
1 . A method of protection against erosion of a component of a hydraulic machine of which at least one warped/uneven surface is covered by a protective layer of coating, wherein the method comprises:
a) preparing in a flat state several sheets of polymerised synthetic material,
b) applying a coat of adhesive at least on one face of each sheet,
c) laying the sheets by pushing them against the warped/uneven surface of the component that is to be covered and by constituting the layer of coating using sheets, in such a way that the layer of coating is formed by the sheets prepared in step a).
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein during the step a) the sheet is carried out using a prepolymer base and a hardener.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein during the step a), the sheet is carried out with a thickness between 0.5 and 3 mm.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises an intermediary step d) between the steps a) and b), of storing the sheet for finalisation of the polymerisation.
5 . The method according to claim 4 , wherein the step of storing takes place for several weeks.
6 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein, during the step c), the sheets are laid edge to edge.
7 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises a step e), prior to the step c), of applying a coat of primer on the surface of the component that is to be covered with the protective layer of coating against erosion and wherein during the step c) the sheet is laid by placing into contact the coat of adhesive and the coat of primer.
8 . The method according to claim 7 , wherein, during the step e), the primer is applied with a thickness between 20 and 100 μm.
9 . The method according to claim 7 , wherein the method further comprises a step f) after the steps b) and e) wherein there is a waiting period for the adhesive and the primer to mature, before the laying of the sheets in the step c).
10 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein, during the step b), the adhesive is applied with a thickness between 20 and 150 μm.
11 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive applied during the step b) is of the polyurethane type or with a polyurethane base, of the polyester type or with a polyester base, or of the cyanoacrylate type or with a cyanoacrylate base.
12 . A component of a hydraulic machine wherein some at least of the warped/uneven surfaces of this component intended to be wet by a forced flow of water passing through the machine, are covered with a protective layer of coating formed of several sheets prepared via polymerisation in a flat state before they are laid on these surfaces.
13 . The component according to claim 12 , wherein the sheets have a Shore hardness of 72, with an elastic elongation capability of about 400%.
14 . The component according to claim 12 , wherein the sheets have a tensile strength, according to standard NF T 46-002, of 28 megapascals and a resistance to tearing, according to standard NF T 46-007, of 35 newtons.
15 . An installation for converting hydraulic energy into electrical or mechanical energy, or reciprocally, this installation comprising a hydraulic machine, a line for supplying water to the hydraulic machine and at least one component of which at least one surface is swept by a forced flow of water passing through the installation, wherein the component is according to claim 12 .
16 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein the prepolymer base comprises an isocyanate type partially copolymerised with at least one polyol and/or one amine.
17 . The method according to claim 16 , wherein the harder is of the isocyanate type.
18 . The method according to claim 3 , wherein during the step a), the sheet is carried out with a thickness between 1 and 2 mm.
19 . The method according to claim 5 , wherein the step of storing takes place for at least two months.
20 . The method according to claim 8 , wherein, during the step e), the primer is applied with a thickness of a magnitude of 50 μm.
21 . The method according to claim 10 , wherein, during the step b), the adhesive is applied with a thickness between 50 and 70 μm.