Optical surveillance system for a space survey system for monitoring near-earth space having a matrix of telescopes coupled to image sensors
An optical system for surveillance systems for space surveillance systems includes at least one telescope with a field greater than or equal to 5° mounted on a mobile mount along two axes, and coupled with an image sensor, whose sensitivity is designed for an integration time of the order of magnitude of a hundred milliseconds.
1. An optical system for surveillance systems for space surveillance comprises a matrix of N×P telescopes, each with a field greater than or equal to 5°, said telescopes being coupled to N×P image sensors whose sensitivity comprises integration times having an order of magnitude of 10 to 100 milliseconds, the telescopes being mounted on one or more motorized mounts, the telescopes being servo-controlled together and grouped so as to operate simultaneously to provide a wide field and in that the movement velocity of the telescope mounts is such that each object that goes through a swept area is detected at least three times to obtain at least 3 dated position measurements distributed over the object's arc of transit in the sky, the exposure time or integration time being defined to obtain the object's signal being spread over several pixels.
2. The optical system according to claim 1 , wherein the exposure time is set to obtain a spread of the signal over some ten pixels.
3. The optical system according to claim 1 , wherein said telescopes comprise a field of 5°×5° to 12°×12°.
4. The optical system according to claim 1 , wherein the N×P mounts are connected to common control means able to control these mounts together in azimuth and elevation.
5. The optical system according to claim 1 , wherein the telescopes have a usable field of 10° by 10°, and the system comprises N×P=3×2 telescopes so as to provide a reconstituted field of 30° elevation by 20° azimuth.
6. The optical system according to claim 1 , wherein each telescope is mounted on a programmable rotary mount designed to scan a global area of up to 60° elevation by 40° azimuth.
7. The optical system according to claim 1 , wherein each sensor is a CCD sensor with 1000×1000 to 6000×6000 pixels and a CCD read-out time less than or equal to 2 seconds and in that the exposure time is less than 100 milliseconds.
8. The optical system according to claim 1 , wherein said telescopes are TMA-type telescopes.
9. The optical system according to claim 1 , wherein said telescopes are Schmidt-type telescopes.
10. The optical system according to claim 9 , wherein said telescopes are folded Schmidt-type telescopes.
11. The optical system according to claim 10 , wherein said telescopes are folded Schmidt-type telescopes with an aperture of f/1.6 and central shadow compensation.
12. The optical system according to claim 1 , wherein the sensors are 15 μm, 4,096×4,096 pixel CCD cameras, used in 2×2 binning.
13. The optical system according to claim 1 , wherein the time of travel of the object from one field to the other is shorter than a sensor read-out time: Td<Tro, and field relocation is performed during the sensor read-out.