Ballistic resistant article
The invention relates to an armor comprising in front to back order at least one rigid first panel comprising inorganic fibers and at least one second panel comprising polymeric fibers, characterized in that the at least one rigid first panel has a flexural strength of at least 300 MPa and the at least one second panel has a flexural strength of at most 250 MPa.
1. An armor having a total areal density AD and a total energy absorption value Eabs, wherein the armor comprises in front to back order:
at least one rigid first panel comprising inorganic fibers having a first areal density AD 1ST and an energy absorption value Eabs 1ST , and
at least one second panel comprising polymeric fibers having a second areal density AD 2ND and an energy absorption value Eabs 2ND , wherein
the areal density AD 1ST of the at least one rigid first panel is at least 40% of the total areal density AD of the armor, and the areal density AD 2ND of the at least one second panel is at most 60% of the total areal density AD of the armor, and wherein
the total energy absorption value Eabs exhibited by the armor is larger than a combination of the energy absorption value Eabs 1ST of the at least one rigid first panel and the energy absorption value Eabs 2ND of the at least one second panel.
2. The armor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one rigid first panel is an outermost front panel of the armor.
3. The armor of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic fibers of the at least one rigid first panel are selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, ceramic fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers, glass-basalt fibers and combinations thereof.
4. The armor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one rigid first panel comprises a binder having a tensile modulus of at least 0.5 GPa.
5. The armor of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic fibers of the at least one rigid first panel form an assembly of woven or non-woven inorganic fibers.
6. The armor of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic fibers are carbon fibers.
7. The armor of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic fibers are glass fibers.
8. The armor of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic fibers are present in an amount of at least 50 vol % based on total volume of the at least one rigid first panel.
9. The armor of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric fibers of the at least one second panel are present in an amount of at least 50 mass % based on total mass of the at least one second panel.
10. The armor of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric fibers of the at least one second panel are polyolefin fibers.
11. The armor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one second panel comprises a compressed stack of monolayers, wherein each monolayer of the compressed stack comprises unidirectionally aligned polymeric fibers, and wherein fiber direction in each monolayer of the compressed stack is rotated with respect to fiber direction in an adjacent monolayer of the compressed stack, and wherein the compressed stack of monolayers has an experimental density (ρEXP) of at least 90.0%.
12. The armor of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic fibers of the at least one rigid first panel are glass fibers, and the polymeric fibers of the at least one second panel are ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers with an intrinsic viscosity of at least 4 dl/g.
13. The armor of claim 1 , the at least one rigid first panel has a flexural strength of at least 300 MPa, and the at least one second panel has a flexural strength of at most 250 MPa.
14. The armor of claim 13 , wherein the at least one rigid first panel has a flexural strength of between 570 and 750 MPa.
15. The armor of claim 7 , wherein the glass fibers are S2-glass fibers.
16. The armor of claim 10 , wherein the polyolefin fibers are polyethylene fibers.
17. A method for retrofitting a structure to provide antiballistic protection thereof comprising the steps of:
(i) providing an armor according to claim 1 ;
(ii) adapting the armor for operative engagement with an interior and/or an exterior surface of the structure; and
(iii) mounting the armor to cover at least partly the interior and/or exterior surface of the structure to provide antiballistic protection thereto.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the structure is a vehicle or a building.
19. A structure comprising the armor of claim 1 , wherein the structure is selected from the group consisting of automobiles, motorcycles, buses, trains, fuel transport vehicles, trucks, boats, satellites and space exploration vehicles, building or building component, pillars, walls, windows and doors.