Method and a device for attracting magnetic particles to a surface
Magnetic particles ( 1 ) are attracted to a contact surface ( 11 ) in an associated sensor device ( 100 ) by generating a pulsed magnetic field (B) according to an actuation protocol. The protocol includes a “local attraction phase” during which the duty cycle of the pulsations is smaller than about 10%, preferably ranging between 2% and 5%. These small duty cycles are advantageous in bringing magnetic particles ( 1 ) into actual contact with the contact surface ( 11 ).
1. A method for attracting magnetic particles to a contact surface comprising:
generating a pulsed magnetic field with a duty cycle larger than about 25% to create a “global attraction phase” which concentrates magnetic particles at the contact surface and generating the pulsed magnetic field with the duty cycle smaller than about 10% to create a “local attraction” phase in which the magnetic particles are attracted and diffuse to contact the contact surface.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the duty cycle ranges between about 2% and about 5% during the local attraction phase.
3. The method or the sensor device according to claim 1 , wherein the global attraction phase precedes the local attraction phase.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a frequency of the pulsed magnetic field during the local attraction phase ranges between about 1 Hz and about 4 Hz.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the contact surface comprises binding sites for the magnetic particles.
6. The method according to claim 3 , further including:
detecting the magnetic particles at the contact surface during and/or after the local attraction phase.
7. The method according to claim 1 , further including:
detecting the magnetic particles at the contact surface with an optical, magnetic, mechanical, acoustic, thermal, or electrical sensor element.
8. A non-transitory computer-readable medium carrying software configured to control a magnetic field generator to carry out the method according to claim 1 .
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the magnetic particles label molecules and further including:
detecting the magnetic particles at the contact surface to perform at least one of molecular diagnostics, biological sample analysis, chemical sample analysis, food analysis, and/or forensic analysis.
10. A method of detecting target molecules labeled with magnetic particles comprising:
pulsing a magnetic field with a duty cycle between about 2% and about 5% to attract the molecules labeled with the magnetic particles to a contact surface; and
during the pulsing, detecting the molecules labeled with the magnetic particles at the contact surface.
11. The method according to claim 10 , further including:
prior to pulsing the magnetic field with the duty cycle between about 2% and about 5%, pulsing the magnetic field with a duty cycle greater than about 25%.
12. A sensor device for the detection of magnetic particles at a contact surface comprising:
a) a magnetic field generator configured to generate a magnetic field that attracts magnetic particles to the contact surface;
b) a controller configured to control the magnetic field generator to generate a pulsed magnetic field with a duty cycle smaller than 10% during a “local attraction phase” to attract the magnetic particles.
13. Use of the sensor device according to claim 12 for molecular diagnostics, biological sample analysis, chemical sample analysis, food analysis, and/or forensic analysis.
14. The sensor device according to claim 12 , further including:
a sensor element configured to detect the magnetic particles at the contact surface during the “local attraction phase”.
15. The sensor device according to claim 12 , wherein the controller is further configured to control the magnetic field generator to pulse the magnetic field with a duty cycle greater than 25% preceding the “local attraction phase”.
16. The sensor device according to claim 15 , further including:
a sensor element configured to detect the magnetic particles at the contact surface during the “local attraction phase”.
17. The sensor device according to claim 16 , wherein the contact surface includes binding sites for the magnetic particles.
18. The sensor device according to claim 16 , wherein the sensor element includes one of an optical, magnetic, mechanical, acoustic, thermal, or electrical sensor element.
19. The sensor device according to claim 15 , wherein during the local attraction phase, the controller is configured to control the magnetic field generator to generate magnetic field pulses with a duty cycle between 2% and 5%.
20. The sensor device according to claim 19 , wherein the controller is configured to control the magnetic field generator to pulse the magnetic field with a frequency between about 0.2 Hz and about 10 Hz during the “local attraction phase”.