Method and system for optimising routing between two network nodes, at least one of which is mobile

1. A method for routing packets in an intermediate node between correspondent nodes in a packet-switched network, said packet-switched network having a protocol stack comprising an upper layer and a lower layer and comprising an upper-layer session between a correspondent node and a mobile node in which packets are transmitted between the correspondent node and the mobile node via the packet-switched network; and wherein only one of said correspondent node and said mobile node, called a macro-mobility enabled node, is configured to maintain the upper-layer session with the other node, when said mobile node is switching from a first lower-layer-address to a second lower-layer-address, different from the first lower-layer-address, by exchanging suitable lower-layer address update related messages with said other node, comprising at said intermediate node:

exchanging lower-layer-address-update-related messages with said macro-mobility enabled node;

mapping source address, destination address and potentially protocol parameters of lower-layer packets exchanged between said mobile node and said correspondent node in such a way that the macro-mobility enabled node can communicate with said other node as if said other node is also macro-mobility enabled, and such that said other node can communicate with said intermediate node as if said intermediate node is a non-macro-mobility-enabled node;

wherein said intermediate node is embodied as a user-level application installed on a non-macro-mobility enabled user device, said non-macro-mobility enabled user device corresponding to said mobile node;

wherein exchanging lower-layer-address-update related messages comprises receiving lower-layer-address update related messages from said correspondent node and sending lower-layer-address update related messages to said correspondent node and wherein mapping source address, destination address and potentially protocol parameters of lower-layer packets exchanged between said mobile node and said correspondent node comprises:

for packets sent from said mobile node to said correspondent node: replacing the lower layer source address, assigned by said intermediate node to said mobile node, by the lower layer address of said intermediate node, and potentially replacing protocol parameters;

for packets sent from said correspondent node to said mobile node:

replacing the destination address corresponding to the lower-layer address of said intermediate node by the lower-layer address of said mobile node assigned by said intermediate node, and potentially replacing protocol parameters.

2. Method according to claim 1 , further comprising

performing DHCP, or other layer-2 IP address requesting functions.

3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said lower-layer address update related messages are messages used in methods according to the NMIP protocol.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the upper layer is a transport layer or an application layer; and the lower layer is a network layer.

5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein said network layer is an IP layer.

6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said mobile node is not assigned a permanent lower-layer address corresponding to a home-network lower-layer address.

7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said intermediate node adopts one or more of the original lower-layer addresses of the mobile node and assigns a new lower-layer address to the mobile node during installation.

8. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said lower-layer address update related messages are messages used in methods according to the NMIP protocol;

wherein the NMIP protocol is an end-host-based signaling protocol that enables Mobile Nodes and Correspondent Nodes to update each other with IP address changes at mobility events and to reroute traffic for established upper-layer sessions using newly obtained IP addresses without breaking connections.

9. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate node does not perform tunneling between the macro-mobility enabled node and the other node.

10. A method for routing packets in an intermediate node between correspondent nodes in a packet-switched network, said packet-switched network having a protocol stack comprising an upper layer and a lower layer and comprising an upper-layer session between a correspondent node and a mobile node in which packets are transmitted between the correspondent node and the mobile node via the packet-switched network; and wherein only one of said correspondent node and said mobile node, called a macro-mobility enabled node, is configured to maintain the upper-layer session with the other node, when said mobile node is switching from a first lower-layer-address to a second lower-layer-address, different from the first lower-layer-address, by exchanging suitable lower-layer address update related messages with said other node, comprising at said intermediate node:

exchanging lower-layer-address-update-related messages with said macro-mobility enabled node;

mapping source address, destination address and potentially protocol parameters of lower-layer packets exchanged between said mobile node and said correspondent node in such a way that the macro-mobility enabled node can communicate with said other node as if said other node is also macro-mobility enabled, and such that said other node can communicate with said intermediate node as if said intermediate node is a non-macro-mobility-enabled node;

wherein said intermediate node is embodied by a network server, which communicates with said non-macro-mobility enabled correspondent node;

wherein exchanging said lower-layer-address-update related messages comprises receiving lower-layer-address update-related messages from said mobile node and sending lower-layer-address update related messages to said mobile node, and wherein mapping source address, destination address and potentially protocol parameters of lower-layer packets exchanged between said mobile node and said correspondent node comprises:

for packets sent from said correspondent node to said mobile node: replacing the lower layer source address, assigned by said intermediate node to said mobile node, by the lower layer address of said intermediate node, and potentially replacing protocol parameters;

for packets sent from said mobile node to said correspondent node: replacing the destination address corresponding to the lower-layer address of said intermediate node by the lower-layer address of said mobile node assigned by said intermediate node, and potentially replacing protocol parameters.

11. A mobile device for use in data communication in a packet-switched network, said network having a protocol stack comprising an upper layer and a lower layer, and said mobile device being configured to participate in an upper-layer session between a mobile node comprised in said mobile device and a correspondent node in said network, wherein only the correspondent node, called a macro-mobility enabled node, is configured to maintain the upper-layer session with the mobile node when said mobile node is switching from a first lower-layer-address to a second lower-layer-address, different from the first lower-layer-address, by exchanging suitable lower-layer address update related messages with the mobile node said mobile device comprising a storage means for storing and a processor for running a user level application embodying an intermediate node of said network, said intermediate node being configured to:

exchange lower-layer-address-update-related messages with said correspondent node;

map source and destination address and potentially protocol parameters of lower-layer packets exchanged between said mobile node and said correspondent node in such a way that the correspondent node can communicate with said mobile node as if said mobile node is also macro-mobility enabled, and such that said mobile node can communicate with said intermediate node as if said intermediate node is a non-macro-mobility-enabled node;

wherein exchanging lower-layer-address-update related messages comprises receiving lower-layer-address update related messages from said correspondent node and sending lower-layer-address update related messages to said correspondent node, and wherein mapping source address, destination address and potentially protocol parameters of lower-layer packets exchanged between said mobile node and said correspondent node comprises:

for packets sent from said mobile node to said correspondent node: replacing the lower layer source address, assigned by said intermediate node to said mobile node, by the lower layer address of said intermediate node, and potentially replacing protocol parameters;

for packets sent from said correspondent node to said mobile node: replacing the destination address corresponding to the lower-layer address of said intermediate node by the lower-layer address of said mobile node assigned by said intermediate node, and potentially replacing protocol parameters.

12. A server for use as an intermediate node in a packet-switched network, said network having a protocol stack comprising an upper layer and a lower layer, and said server being configured to participate in an upper-layer session between a mobile node and a correspondent node, wherein only the mobile node, called a macro-mobility enabled node, is configured to maintain the upper-layer session with the correspondent node, when said mobile node is switching from a first lower-layer-address to a second lower-layer-address, different from the first lower-layer address, by exchanging suitable lower-layer address update related messages with said correspondent node, said server including:

a memory with executable instructions stored thereon; and

a processor configured to access said memory to execute said instructions and to:

exchange lower-layer-address-update-related messages with said mobile node;

map source address, destination address and potentially protocol parameters of lower-layer packets exchanged between said mobile node and said correspondent node in such a way that the mobile node can communicate with said correspondent node as if said correspondent node is also macro-mobility enabled, and such that said correspondent node can communicate with said intermediate node as if said intermediate node is a non-macro-mobility-enabled node;

wherein exchanging said lower-layer-address-update related messages comprises receiving lower-layer-address update-related messages from said mobile node and sending lower-layer-address update related messages to said mobile node, and wherein mapping source address, destination address and potentially protocol parameters of lower-layer packets exchanged between said mobile node, and said processor is further configured to:

for packets sent from said correspondent node to said mobile node: replace the lower layer source address, assigned by said intermediate node to said mobile node by the lower layer address of said intermediate node, and potentially replacing protocol parameters;

for packets sent from said mobile node to said correspondent node: replace the destination address corresponding to the lower-layer address of said intermediate node by the lower-layer address of said mobile node assigned by said intermediate node, and potentially replacing protocol parameters.