Low tension piston rings and method for manufacturing the same
The invention provides a low tension piston ring having a finished outer diameter and negligible tangential tension. The method includes the steps of machining a stock bar to an initial outer diameter slightly greater than the finished outer diameter of the piston ring, finishing the initial outer diameter of the stock bar to a rounded profile having a nominal diameter equal to the finished outer diameter, and machining the stock bar to the preferred cross-section. Dykes-type piston rings can have keystone or semi-keystone shaped cross-sections. The method continues by detaching the piston ring from the stock bar using a parting tool in response to completing all tension inducing operations including the steps recited above. The method continues with the steps of lapping the piston ring to a final longitudinal thickness and cutting the piston ring longitudinally to form a final gap.
1. A method for manufacturing a low tension dykes-type piston ring having a finished outer diameter, comprising the steps of:
machining a stock bar to an initial outer diameter;
finishing the initial outer diameter of the stock bar to a predetermined profile having a nominal diameter that is between 0.4 mm and 3 mm less than the initial outer diameter;
machining the stock bar to a generally L-shaped cross-section to produce a dykes-type piston ring in accordance with the remaining portions of the stock bar, and
detaching the piston ring from the stock bar, only after completing the steps of machining the stock bar to the initial outer diameter and finishing the stock bar to a predetermined profile and machining the stock bar to an L-shaped cross-section.
2. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the predetermined profile has a rounded shape defined by a pair of arcs converging at a tangent point.
3. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the L-shaped cross-section includes a lip section extending longitudinally and a tail section extending radially inward from the lip section.
4. A method as set forth in claim 3 wherein the tail section is machined to a keystone shaped cross section.
5. A method as set forth in claim 3 wherein the tail section is machined to a semi-keystone shaped cross section.
6. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the step of machining the stock bar to the initial outer diameter includes turning the stock bar relative to a machining tool.
7. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the step of finishing the initial outer diameter to a predetermined profile includes turning the stock bar relative to a profiling tool.
8. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the step of machining the stock bar to the L-shaped cross section includes turning the stock bar relative to a machining tool.
9. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the step of detaching the piston ring from the stock bar includes turning the stock bar relative to a parting tool.
10. A method as set forth in claim 1 further comprising the step of lapping the piston ring to a final longitudinal thickness.
11. A method as set forth in claim 1 further comprising the step of cutting the piston ring longitudinally to form a final gap.
12. A method as set forth in claim 11 further comprising the step of heat treating the piston ring by placing the piston ring in a non-oxidizing atmosphere between 400-450 degrees Celsius to relieve any residual tension left in the piston ring.
13. A method as set forth in claim 12 further comprising the step of installing the piston ring on a mandrel to size the final gap to a predetermined dimension during heat treating.
14. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the stock bar is made of a fine grained spheroidal cast iron.
15. A method for manufacturing a low tension piston ring having a finished outer diameter comprising the steps of;
machining a stock bar to an initial outer diameter;
finishing the initial outer diameter of the stock bar to a predetermined profile having a nominal diameter that is between 0.4 mm and 3 mm less than the initial outer diameter;
machining the stock bar to a generally L-shaped cross-section to produce a dykes-type piston ring in accordance with the remaining portions of the stock bar, and
detaching the piston ring from the stock bar, only after completing the steps of machining the stock bar to the initial outer diameter and finishing the stock bar to a predetermined profile and machining the stock bar to an L-shaped cross-section.
16. A method as set forth in claim 15 wherein the predetermined profile has a rounded shape.
17. A method as set forth in claim 15 wherein the predetermined cross-section is keystone shaped.
18. A method as set forth in claim 15 wherein the predetermined cross-section is semi-keystone shaped.