Anti-perovskite solid electrolyte compositions
View Patent ↗Solid electrolyte antiperovskite compositions for batteries, capacitors, and other electrochemical devices have chemical formula Li 3 OA, Li (3-x) M x/2 OA, Li (3-x) N x/3 OA, or LiCOX z Y (1-z) , wherein M and N are divalent and trivalent metals respectively and wherein A is a halide or mixture of halides, and X and Y are halides.
1. A solid electrolyte composition, comprising:
(a) the formula Li 3 OCl,
(b) the formula Li (3-x) M x/2 OA,
wherein 0<x≦3,
wherein M comprises magnesium, calcium, barium, strontium, and mixtures thereof, and
wherein A comprises fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, or a mixture thereof,
(c) the formula Li (3-x) N (x/3) OA,
wherein N is a trivalent metal,
wherein 0≦x≦3, and
wherein A comprises fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, or a mixture thereof, or
(d) the formula Li 3 OX z Y (1-z) ,
wherein X and Y are different halides, and
wherein 0≦z≦1.
2. The solid electrolyte composition of claim 1 , wherein M is magnesium and A is chloride.
3. The solid electrolyte composition of claim 1 , wherein M is magnesium and A is bromide.
4. The solid electrolyte composition of claim 1 , wherein A is a mixture of bromide and chloride.
5. The solid electrolyte composition of claim 1 , wherein x is 0.10 and A is chloride, bromide, or a mixture of chloride and bromide.
6. The solid electrolyte composition of claim 1 , wherein M is magnesium, A is chloride, and x is 0.10.
7. An electrochemical device comprising a solid electrolyte composition of
(a) the formula Li 3 OCl,
(b) the formula Li (3-x) M x/2 OA,
wherein 0≦x≦2,
wherein M comprises magnesium, calcium, barium, strontium, or a mixture thereof, and
wherein A comprises fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, or a mixture thereof, or
(c) the formula Li (3-x) N (x/3) OA,
wherein N is a trivalent metal, and
wherein A comprises fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, or a mixtures thereof, and
wherein 0≦x≦3, or
(d) the formula Li 3 OX z Y (1-z) ,
wherein X and Y are different halides, and
wherein 0≦z≦1.
8. The electrochemical device of claim 7 , wherein M is magnesium and A is chloride.
9. The electrochemical device of claim 7 , wherein M is magnesium and A is bromide.
10. The electrochemical device of claim 7 , wherein A is a mixture of bromide and chloride.
11. The electrochemical device of claim 7 , wherein x is zero and A is chloride, bromide, or a mixture of chloride and bromide.
12. The electrochemical device of claim 7 , wherein A is chloride, M is magnesium, and x is 0.15.
13. The electrochemical device of claim 7 , wherein the electrochemical device includes a battery.
14. The electrochemical device of claim 7 , wherein the electrochemical device includes a capacitor.
15. A method for producing the solid electrolyte composition of claim 1 , the method comprising:
heating in a vessel, under essentially water-free conditions, an admixture of a powder comprising lithium hydroxide and a powder comprising a lithium halide, the heating being performed so as to covert at least a portion of the admixture to a melt composition; and
cooling the melt composition so as to give rise to a product composition.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the heating is performed under a vacuum.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the admixture is heated to a temperature of at least about 270 degrees C.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the heating is performed under an inert atmosphere.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the inert atmosphere comprises argon, nitrogen, helium, or any combination thereof.
20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cooling comprises cooling the vessel using liquid nitrogen.
21. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cooling comprises contacting the melt composition with a substrate having a temperature lower than the temperature of the melt composition.
22. The method of claim 15 , wherein the product composition is an antiperovskite composition.
23. The method of claim 15 , further comprising annealing the product composition.
24. The method of claim 15 , wherein the product composition comprises: the formula Li 3 OA, the formula Li (3-x) M (x/2) OA, wherein A is a halide and M is a divalent metal, the formula Li 3 OX z Y (1-z) , wherein which X and Y are halogens, the formula Li (3-x) N x/3 OA, wherein A is a halide and N is a trivalent metal, or any combination thereof.