Cladded articles and methods of making the same
In one aspect, methods of making cladded articles are described herein. A method of making a cladded article, in some embodiments, comprises disposing over a surface of a metallic substrate a sheet comprising organic binder and powder metal or powder alloy having a solidus temperature at least 100° C. less than the metallic substrate and heating the powder metal or powder alloy to provide a sintered metal or sintered alloy cladding metallurgically bonded to the metallic substrate.
1. A method of making a cladded article comprising:
disposing over a surface of a metallic substrate a sheet comprising organic binder and powder cobalt-based alloy having a solidus temperature at least about 100° C. less than solidus temperature of the metallic substrate; and
heating the powder cobalt-based alloy to provide a substantially fully dense sintered cobalt-based alloy cladding metallurgically bonded to the metallic substrate, the sintered cobalt-based alloy cladding comprising 5-35 wt. % chromium, 0-35 wt. % tungsten, 0-35 wt. % molybdenum, 0-20 wt. % nickel, 0-25 wt. % iron, 0-2 wt. % manganese, 0-5 wt. % silicon, 0-5 wt. % vanadium, 0-4 wt. % carbon, 0-5 wt. % boron and the balance cobalt.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the powder cobalt-based alloy has a solidus temperature at least about 150° C. less than the solidus temperature of the metallic substrate.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the powder cobalt-based alloy has a solidus temperature at least about 200° C. less than the solidus temperature of the metallic substrate.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sintered cobalt-based alloy comprises 15-35 wt. % chromium, 0-35 wt. % tungsten, 0-20 wt. % molybdenum, 0-20 wt. % nickel, 0-25 wt. % iron, 0-2 wt. % manganese, 0-5 wt. % silicon, 0-5 wt. % vanadium, 0-4 wt. % carbon, 0-5 wt. % boron and the balance cobalt.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sintered cobalt-based alloy comprises 20-35 wt. % chromium, 0-10 wt. % tungsten, 0-10 wt. % molybdenum, 0-2 wt. % nickel, 0-2 wt. % iron, 0-2 wt. % manganese, 0-5 wt. % silicon, 0-2 wt. % vanadium, 0-0.4 wt. % carbon, 0-5 wt. % boron and the balance cobalt.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sintered cobalt-based alloy comprises 5-20 wt. % chromium, 0-2 wt. % tungsten, 10-35 wt. % molybdenum, 0-20 wt. % nickel, 0-5 wt. % iron, 0-2 wt. % manganese, 0-5 wt. % silicon, 0-5 wt. % vanadium, 0-0.3 wt. % carbon, 0-5 wt. % boron and the balance cobalt.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the powder cobalt-based alloy further comprises an alloying additive of one or more elements of boron, phosphorus, silicon, aluminum or carbon in an amount sufficient to reduce the solidus temperature of the powder metal or powder alloy.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic substrate is steel, iron-based alloy or nickel based alloy.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein an interfacial diffusion region having a thickness of 10-200 μm is established between the sintered cobalt-based alloy cladding and the metallic substrate.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic binder comprises one or more polymeric materials.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sheet further comprises hard particles providing substantially fully dense sintered cobalt-based alloy matrix composite cladding.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the hard particles comprise one or more metal carbides, metal nitrides, metal borides, metal silicides, cemented carbides, cast carbides or mixtures thereof.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the powder cobalt-based alloy is of composition 31-35 wt. % chromium, 16-20 wt. % molybdenum, 1-3 wt. % carbon, 0.15-0.45 wt. % boron, up to 1 wt. % manganese, up to 0.7 wt. % silicon and the balance cobalt.
14. A method of making a cladded article comprising:
disposing over a surface of a metallic substrate a sheet comprising organic binder and powder cobalt-based alloy having a solidus temperature at least about 100° C. less than solidus temperature of the metallic substrate; and
heating the powder metal or powder cobalt-based alloy to provide a sintered cobalt-based alloy cladding metallurgically bonded to the metallic substrate, wherein the powder cobalt-based alloy is of composition 31-35 wt. % chromium, 16-20 wt. % molybdenum, 1-3 wt. % carbon, 0.15-0.45 wt. % boron, up to 1 wt. % manganese, up to 0.7 wt. % silicon and the balance cobalt.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the sintered cobalt-based alloy cladding is substantially fully dense.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the metallic substrate is steel, iron-based alloy, or nickel-based alloy.
17. The method of claim 14 , wherein an interfacial diffusion region having a thickness of 10-200 μm is established between the sintered cobalt-based alloy cladding and the metallic substrate.
18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the sheet further comprises hard particles providing sintered cobalt-based alloy matrix composite cladding.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the hard particles are present in an amount of 1 weight percent to 20 weight percent of the sintered cobalt-based alloy matrix composite cladding.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the sintered cobalt-based alloy matrix composite cladding is substantially fully dense.
21. The method of claim 18 , wherein the hard particles comprise metal carbides, metal nitrides, metal carbonitrides, metal borides, metal silicides, cemented carbides, cast carbides, intermetallic compounds, ceramics or mixtures thereof.
22. The method of claim 14 , wherein the organic binder comprises one or more polymeric materials.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the one or more polymeric materials are fibrillated.